Ting Shi-Jane, Kao Chih-Kuan, Wang Feng-Bin
Department of Psychology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Mental Health Promotion Center, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Chin J Physiol. 2017 Feb 28;60(1):41-53. doi: 10.4077/CJP.2017.BAF449.
Sympathetic efferents regulate the “fight-or-flight” response and sympathetic and vagal fibers have been suggested to retrogradely and centrally spread pathogens associated with Parkinson’s disease. To examine the arrangement of the vagal and sympathetic motor fibers in the celiac ganglion (CG), gastrointestinal tract, and along the superior mesenteric artery and its sub-branches, we double-labeled the vagal efferents by injecting Dextran-Texas Red into the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and the sympathetic postganglionics with tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 18). The laser scanning confocal microscope was used for image analysis. Vagal nerve endings were densely distributed around the CG neurons, and the right CG received more. Vagal and sympathetic efferent endings formed various ring or string shapes that tangled closely in the myenteric plexus of the forestomach, duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Vagal and sympathetic efferents coursed within the same nerve bundles before reaching the myenteric plexus, had in-apposition varicosities, and ran parallel with the superior mesenteric artery and its sub-branches. Although a complete sympathetic tracing and an incomplete tracing and/or damage to the vagal preganglionic neurons may lead to a sampling bias, the sympathetic innervations in the blood vessels and myenteric plexus are stronger than in the vagus. The in-apposition innervation varicosities of the vagal and sympathetic efferents within the same nerve bundles and in the myenteric plexus of the gut with complex innervation patterns may offer a network to automatically control gastrointestinal functions and an infection route of the Parkinson’s disease between the autonomic efferent endings.
交感传出神经调节“战斗或逃跑”反应，并且有研究表明交感神经纤维和迷走神经纤维可逆行并向中枢传播与帕金森病相关的病原体。为了研究迷走神经和交感运动纤维在腹腔神经节（CG）、胃肠道以及沿肠系膜上动脉及其分支的分布情况，我们通过向雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（n = 18）的迷走神经背运动核注射葡聚糖-德克萨斯红来双重标记迷走传出神经，并采用酪氨酸羟化酶免疫组织化学方法标记交感神经节后纤维。使用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜进行图像分析。迷走神经末梢密集分布在CG神经元周围，右侧CG接收的更多。迷走神经和交感传出神经末梢在胃底、十二指肠、空肠和回肠的肌间神经丛中形成各种环状或串状结构，紧密缠绕在一起。迷走神经和交感传出神经在到达肌间神经丛之前在同一神经束中走行，具有并列的膨体，并与肠系膜上动脉及其分支平行。尽管完整的交感神经追踪以及迷走神经节前神经元的不完整追踪和/或损伤可能导致抽样偏差，但血管和肌间神经丛中的交感神经支配比迷走神经更强。迷走神经和交感传出神经在同一神经束内以及肠道肌间神经丛中具有复杂支配模式的并列神经支配膨体可能提供一个自动控制胃肠功能的网络以及自主传出神经末梢之间帕金森病的感染途径。
