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温度与日粮添加精氨酸或胍基乙酸对雄性肉鸡营养和生理反应的交互作用

Interactive effects of temperature and dietary supplementation of arginine or guanidinoacetic acid on nutritional and physiological responses in male broiler chickens.

作者信息

Kodambashi Emami N, Golian A, Rhoads D D, Danesh Mesgaran M

机构信息

a Animal Sciences Department , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran.

b Department of Biological Sciences , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , AR , USA.

出版信息

Br Poult Sci. 2017 Feb;58(1):87-94. doi: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1257779. Epub 2017 Jan 5.

Abstract
  1. The aim of this experiment was to study the interactive effect of rearing temperature and dietary supplementation of arginine (Arg) or guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on performance, gut morphology and ascites indices in broiler chickens raised under the same condition in the first 2 weeks and then reared under normal (23-26°C) or subnormal (17°C) ambient temperatures for the next 3 weeks. 2. This experiment was conducted as a split plot with 900 Ross 308 male broiler chicks that were allocated to two houses (as main plots); each consisted of 5 treatments (as sub-plots) with 6 replicates of 15 birds. The 5 diets were (1) control, (2) control + 0.60 g/kg GAA, (3) control + 1.20 g/kg GAA, (4) control + 0.86 g/kg Arg and (5) control + 1.72 g/kg Arg. 3. Feed intake (0-35 d) of birds fed on a diet containing 1.2 g GAA/kg and reared under normal temperature was reduced compared to control fed birds. Birds fed on a diet containing 1.72 g/kg Arg and reared under subnormal temperature had higher weight gain compared to those fed on control or GAA-added diets in overall study period. 4. Supplementation of diets with Arg alleviated the adverse effect of cold stress as reflected by reduction in blood haematocrit (41% vs. 37%), and right ventricle to total ventricle ratio (0.28 vs. 0.25) at 35 d of age. Addition of Arg to the diet of birds reared under cold stress resulted in a higher jejunal villus surface area compared to those fed on control or GAA-added diets. 5. Findings of this study revealed that Arg or GAA supplementation of diets did not affect performance of birds under normal temperatures, but Arg supplementation of the diet significantly alleviated the adverse effect of cold stress on performance, gut development and ascites syndrome. In addition, GAA supplementation at 1.2 g/kg improved jejunal villus surface area in birds raised under subnormal temperature.
摘要
  1. 本实验的目的是研究饲养温度与日粮添加精氨酸(Arg)或胍基乙酸(GAA)对肉鸡生产性能、肠道形态及腹水指标的交互作用。这些肉鸡在前2周处于相同条件下饲养,随后在正常(23 - 26°C)或低温(17°C)环境温度下饲养3周。2. 本实验采用裂区设计,将900只罗斯308雄性肉鸡雏分配到两个鸡舍(作为主区);每个鸡舍包含5种处理(作为副区),每种处理有6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。5种日粮分别为:(1)对照组,(2)对照组 + 0.60 g/kg GAA,(3)对照组 + 1.20 g/kg GAA,(4)对照组 + 0.86 g/kg Arg,(5)对照组 + 1.72 g/kg Arg。3. 与饲喂对照日粮的鸡相比,饲喂含1.2 g GAA/kg日粮且在正常温度下饲养的鸡的采食量(0 - 35天)有所降低。在整个研究期内,饲喂含1.72 g/kg Arg日粮且在低温下饲养的鸡的体重增加高于饲喂对照日粮或添加GAA日粮的鸡。4. 日粮添加Arg减轻了冷应激的不利影响,这体现在35日龄时血液红细胞压积降低(41%对37%)以及右心室与总心室比率降低(0.28对0.25)。在冷应激条件下饲养的鸡日粮中添加Arg,与饲喂对照日粮或添加GAA日粮的鸡相比,空肠绒毛表面积更大。5. 本研究结果表明,日粮添加Arg或GAA对正常温度下鸡的生产性能没有影响,但日粮添加Arg显著减轻了冷应激对生产性能、肠道发育和腹水综合征的不利影响。此外,添加1.2 g/kg GAA可改善低温饲养鸡的空肠绒毛表面积。

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