Cong Guanglei, Xia Shuangshuang, Liu Chunxue, Li Junbo, Hung Ifen
Anyou Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd., Taicang, Jiangsu, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Oct 23;11:1476328. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1476328. eCollection 2024.
This experiment aimed to study the effects of guanidine acetic acid (GAA) on reproductive performance, lactation performance and blood biochemical indices of sows, as well as the performance of offspring piglets. A total of 20 sows (Landrace × Yorkshire, parity 4) were used. Half of the sows in each parity were fed a control diet (CG; basic diet, = 10) or GAA diet (basic diet +1 g/kg GAA, = 10) from the 85th day of gestation until weaning. The study results are presented as follows: Supplementation of GAA from late gestation to lactation did not adversely affect sow feed intake, backfat thickness, or blood routine indexes ( > 0.05). GAA supplementation showed a tendency to increase the number of healthy piglets and their birth activity ( = 0.06; = 0.08), while significantly increasing the IUGR score of piglets ( < 0.05). GAA supplementation significantly increased colostrum protein content ( < 0.05) and tended to increase daily milk yield in sows ( = 0.07). GAA supplementation increased the level of immunoglobulin A in sow colostrum ( < 0.05) and showed a tendency to increase proline content ( = 0.10). GAA supplementation significantly decreased triglyceride content in sow cord blood ( < 0.05), with no significant effects observed on HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, and GLU ( > 0.05). GAA supplementation significantly increased eNOS levels in sow cord blood ( < 0.05), while showing no significant effects on IL-6 and IL-10 ( > 0.05). GAA supplementation did not significantly affect the diversity of sow intestinal flora (ACE, Shannon, Chao1, Simpson, observed_otus, pielou_e, and good_cover), but PCoA analysis revealed differences in intestinal flora structure between groups. Additionally, GAA decreased the relative abundance of and and increased the relative abundance of , , and in the gut. GAA boosts nitric oxide synthase in sows' umbilical cord blood, enhancing placental blood vessel development. This improves piglet health and vitality, increases beneficial gut bacteria (, , ), and raises colostrum protein levels and lactation volume, leading to better piglet growth and performance.
本试验旨在研究胍基乙酸（GAA）对母猪繁殖性能、泌乳性能、血液生化指标以及仔猪性能的影响。选用20头母猪（长白×大白，第4胎）。每个胎次的母猪一半饲喂对照日粮（CG；基础日粮，n = 10），另一半从妊娠第85天至断奶饲喂GAA日粮（基础日粮+1 g/kg GAA，n = 10）。研究结果如下：从妊娠后期到泌乳期补充GAA对母猪采食量、背膘厚度或血常规指标无不利影响（P>0.05）。补充GAA有增加健仔数及其出生活力的趋势（P = 0.06；P = 0.08），同时显著增加仔猪的宫内生长受限评分（P<0.05）。补充GAA显著提高了初乳蛋白质含量（P<0.05），并有增加母猪日泌乳量的趋势（P = 0.07）。补充GAA提高了母猪初乳中免疫球蛋白A的水平（P<0.05），并有增加脯氨酸含量的趋势（P = 0.10）。补充GAA显著降低了母猪脐带血中甘油三酯含量（P<0.05），对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇和葡萄糖无显著影响（P>0.05）。补充GAA显著提高了母猪脐带血中内皮型一氧化氮合酶水平（P<0.05），对白细胞介素-6和白细胞介素-10无显著影响（P>0.05）。补充GAA对母猪肠道菌群多样性（ACE、Shannon、Chao1、Simpson、observed_otus、pielou_e和good_cover）无显著影响，但主坐标分析显示各组间肠道菌群结构存在差异。此外，GAA降低了肠道中[具体菌属1]和[具体菌属2]的相对丰度，增加了[具体菌属3]、[具体菌属4]和[具体菌属5]的相对丰度。GAA可提高母猪脐带血中一氧化氮合酶水平，促进胎盘血管发育。这改善了仔猪的健康和活力，增加了有益肠道细菌（[具体菌属3]、[具体菌属4]、[具体菌属5]），提高了初乳蛋白质水平和泌乳量，从而使仔猪生长和性能更好。
