Müller Matthias P, Goody Roger S
a Department of Structural Biochemistry , Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology , Dortmund , Germany.
Small GTPases. 2018 Mar 4;9(1-2):5-21. doi: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1276999. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
Rab proteins are the major regulators of vesicular trafficking in eukaryotic cells. Their activity can be tightly controlled within cells: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), they switch between an active GTP-bound state and an inactive GDP-bound state, interacting with downstream effector proteins only in the active state. Additionally, they can bind to membranes via C-terminal prenylated cysteine residues and they can be solubilized and shuttled between membranes by chaperone-like molecules called GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs). In this review we give an overview of Rab proteins with a focus on the current understanding of their regulation by GEFs, GAPs and GDI.
Rab蛋白是真核细胞中囊泡运输的主要调节因子。它们的活性在细胞内可受到严格调控：在鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子（GEFs）和GTP酶激活蛋白（GAPs）的调节下，它们在活性GTP结合状态和非活性GDP结合状态之间切换，仅在活性状态下与下游效应蛋白相互作用。此外，它们可通过C末端异戊二烯化半胱氨酸残基与膜结合，并且可被称为GDP解离抑制剂（GDIs）的分子伴侣样分子溶解并在膜之间穿梭。在本综述中，我们概述了Rab蛋白，重点是目前对它们受GEFs、GAPs和GDI调控的理解。
