Sundaramoorthi Kamatchi, Sethu Gunasekaran, Ethirajulu Sailatha, Raja Marthandam Pavithra
SpectroPhysics Research Laboratory, PG & Research Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai 600 030, India.
Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Technique (SAIF), St. Peter's University, Avadi, Chennai 600 054, India.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2017 Mar 20;136:10-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.11.057. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
Diabetes mellitus is chronic metabolic disorder, resulting from insulin deficiency, characterized by hyperglycemia altered metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids and an increased risk of vascular complications. There are different classes of anti-diabetic drugs in allopathic system of medicine. Metformin (dimethyl biguanide) is a blood glucose lowering agent used in the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Almost in all diseases the blood serves as the primary metabolic transport system in the body. Its composition is the preferred indicator with respect to the pathophysiological condition of the patient. Instead of analyzing blood to diagnose diabetes, hair could be used to detect diabetes using FTIR-ATR technique. The most important components of hair are fibrous proteins (keratins), melanins, glycogen, and lipids. Hair follicles are located 3-4mm below the surface of the skin and are surrounded by rich blood capillary system. In the present study, ten diabetic subjects were considered to evaluate the efficacy of metformin hydrochloride for the treatment of diabetes mellitus using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The spectra of diabetic hair fibre samples have been recorded in the mid infrared region of 4000-450cm. The hair samples of the diabetic subjects before medication were taken as pre-treatment samples. The hair samples of diabetic subjects referred to medication with metformin for a period of three month were taken as post-treatment sample. Some remarkable spectral differences were elucidated between pre- and post-treatment hair fibre samples. A comparative study on the FTIR-ATR hair spectra of patients (pre- and post-treatment) along with the healthy subjects has been made. The absorption values of some of the specific bands of biomolecules present in the hair samples viz., protein, lipids and glucose for both the pre- and post-treatment subjects are noted. It was observed that, these biomarkers are significantly different between pre- and post-treatment hair samples. Some of the biomarkers such as R=I, R=I, R=I R=I and R=I were used as diagnostic parameters, and hence the efficacy of metformin is estimated. The results are further validated with statistical analysis by applying the dependent t-test, which indicated that the spectral variations are statistically significant.
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢紊乱疾病，由胰岛素缺乏引起，其特征为高血糖、碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂质代谢改变以及血管并发症风险增加。在现代医学体系中有不同种类的抗糖尿病药物。二甲双胍（二甲基双胍）是一种用于治疗非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的降血糖药物。几乎在所有疾病中，血液都是人体主要的代谢运输系统。其成分是反映患者病理生理状况的首选指标。无需通过分析血液来诊断糖尿病，而是可以使用傅里叶变换红外衰减全反射（FTIR - ATR）技术通过头发检测糖尿病。头发的最重要成分是纤维蛋白（角蛋白）、黑色素、糖原和脂质。毛囊位于皮肤表面以下3 - 4毫米处，周围有丰富的毛细血管系统。在本研究中，选取了10名糖尿病患者，使用FTIR - ATR光谱法评估盐酸二甲双胍治疗糖尿病的疗效。糖尿病患者头发纤维样本的光谱在4000 - 450厘米的中红外区域记录。糖尿病患者用药前的头发样本作为预处理样本。糖尿病患者服用二甲双胍三个月后的头发样本作为治疗后样本。预处理和治疗后头发纤维样本之间阐明了一些显著的光谱差异。对患者（预处理和治疗后）以及健康受试者的FTIR - ATR头发光谱进行了比较研究。记录了头发样本中存在的一些生物分子特定波段的吸收值，即蛋白质、脂质和葡萄糖在预处理和治疗后受试者中的吸收值。观察到，这些生物标志物在预处理和治疗后头发样本之间有显著差异。一些生物标志物如R = I、R = I、R = I、R = I和R = I被用作诊断参数，从而评估二甲双胍的疗效。通过应用相关t检验进行统计分析进一步验证了结果，表明光谱变化具有统计学意义。
