Probst S, Arnold S J
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Curr Top Dev Biol. 2017;122:93-115. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.09.001. Epub 2016 Oct 13.
Proteins of the large family of T-box transcription factors are implicated in a broad spectrum of developmental processes. Loss-of-function mutations of T-box(Tbx) factors frequently cause severe embryonic phenotypes, often resulting from defects in cell fate specification and lineage differentiation. This review summarizes current knowledge on the functions of the T-box transcription factor Eomesodermin (Eomes) from postfertilization development until gastrulation stages of vertebrate embryos. Eomes exhibits evolutionary conserved functions in cell lineage specification and morphogenesis during gastrulation in all studied vertebrate model systems. In addition, during mammalian embryogenesis, Eomes is crucially required in extraembryonic tissues that are specific for intrauterine development. This chapter mainly focuses on mammalian development of mouse; however, common functions shared among other vertebrate model system, such as embryos of zebrafish and Xenopus laevis, will be compared in the context of specification cell lineages during gastrulation. Furthermore, this review recapitulates the current understanding of the molecular functions and transcriptional targets of Eomes as component of transcriptional complexes that guide cell-type specification and morphogenesis of early vertebrate embryos.
T-box转录因子大家族的蛋白质参与了广泛的发育过程。T-box（Tbx）因子的功能丧失突变经常导致严重的胚胎表型，这通常是由于细胞命运特化和谱系分化缺陷所致。本综述总结了目前关于T-box转录因子Eomesodermin（Eomes）在脊椎动物胚胎从受精后发育到原肠胚形成阶段的功能的知识。在所有研究的脊椎动物模型系统中，Eomes在原肠胚形成过程中的细胞谱系特化和形态发生中表现出进化保守的功能。此外，在哺乳动物胚胎发生过程中，Eomes在子宫内发育特有的胚外组织中至关重要。本章主要关注小鼠的哺乳动物发育；然而，将在原肠胚形成期间的细胞谱系特化背景下比较其他脊椎动物模型系统（如斑马鱼和非洲爪蟾胚胎）之间共有的共同功能。此外，本综述概括了目前对Eomes作为指导早期脊椎动物胚胎细胞类型特化和形态发生的转录复合物的组成部分的分子功能和转录靶点的理解。
