Turiano Nicholas A, Silva Nicole M, McDonald Courtney, Hill Patrick L
1 Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
2 Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2017 Jan 1:91415016688480. doi: 10.1177/0091415016688480.
Childhood misfortune refers to nonnormative experiences individuals encounter at younger ages that affect development across the life span. This study examined whether retrospectively reported childhood misfortune was associated with negative and positive affect in adulthood. In addition, we explored whether perceived control beliefs would moderate these associations. We used archival data from 6,067 adults ( M = 46.86; range = 20-75) from the Midlife Development in the United States study. Higher levels of misfortune were associated with higher levels of negative affect and lower levels of positive affect in adulthood. However, control beliefs moderated this association such that the combination of higher perceived control and misfortune resulted in less of a decrease in positive affect and less of an increase in negative affect. Overall, early life events were associated with later life emotional health, and control beliefs were an important psychological resource that buffered the negative effects of childhood misfortune.
童年不幸是指个体在幼年时期遭遇的不符合常态的经历，这些经历会影响其一生的发展。本研究考察了回顾性报告的童年不幸是否与成年后的消极和积极情绪相关。此外，我们还探究了感知控制信念是否会调节这些关联。我们使用了来自美国中年发展研究的6067名成年人（M = 46.86；年龄范围 = 20 - 75岁）的档案数据。更高水平的不幸与成年后更高水平的消极情绪以及更低水平的积极情绪相关。然而，控制信念调节了这种关联，即更高的感知控制与不幸相结合，导致积极情绪减少得更少，消极情绪增加得更少。总体而言，早期生活事件与后期生活的情绪健康相关，而控制信念是一种重要的心理资源，可缓冲童年不幸的负面影响。
