Wu Chensheng, Ko Jonathan, Davis Christopher C
Opt Express. 2016 Dec 26;24(26):29852-29871. doi: 10.1364/OE.24.029852.
The plenoptic sensor has been developed to sample complicated beam distortions produced by turbulence in the low atmosphere (deep turbulence or strong turbulence) with high density data samples. In contrast with the conventional Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, which utilizes all the pixels under each lenslet of a micro-lens array (MLA) to obtain one data sample indicating sub-aperture phase gradient and photon intensity, the plenoptic sensor uses each illuminated pixel (with significant pixel value) under each MLA lenslet as a data point for local phase gradient and intensity. To characterize the working principle of a plenoptic sensor, we propose the concept of plenoptic mapping and its inverse mapping to describe the imaging and reconstruction process respectively. As a result, we show that the plenoptic mapping is an efficient method to image and reconstruct the complex field amplitude of an incident beam with just one image. With a proof of concept experiment, we show that adaptive optics (AO) phase correction can be instantaneously achieved without going through a phase reconstruction process under the concept of plenoptic mapping. The plenoptic mapping technology has high potential for applications in imaging, free space optical (FSO) communication and directed energy (DE) where atmospheric turbulence distortion needs to be compensated.
全光传感器的开发目的是通过高密度数据样本对低层大气（深度湍流或强湍流）中由湍流产生的复杂光束畸变进行采样。与传统的夏克-哈特曼波前传感器不同，传统传感器利用微透镜阵列（MLA）每个微透镜下的所有像素来获取一个表示子孔径相位梯度和光子强度的数据样本，而全光传感器将每个MLA微透镜下的每个受照像素（具有显著像素值）用作局部相位梯度和强度的数据点。为了表征全光传感器的工作原理，我们提出了全光映射及其逆映射的概念，分别用于描述成像和重建过程。结果表明，全光映射是一种仅用一幅图像就能对入射光束的复场振幅进行成像和重建的有效方法。通过概念验证实验，我们表明在全光映射概念下，无需经过相位重建过程就能即时实现自适应光学（AO）相位校正。全光映射技术在需要补偿大气湍流畸变的成像、自由空间光（FSO）通信和定向能（DE）等应用中具有很高的潜力。
