大鼠脊髓损伤（SCI）后的全身振动（WBV）：干预时机。

Whole body vibration (WBV) following spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats: Timing of intervention.

作者信息

Manthou Marilena, Abdulla Diana Saad Yousif, Pavlov Stoyan Pavlov, Jansen Ramona, Bendella Habib, Nohroudi Klaus, Stein Gregor, Meyer Carolin, Ozsoy Ozlem, Ozsoy Umut, Behram Kandemir Yasemin, Sarikcioglu Levent, Semler Oliver, Schoenau Eckhard, Dunlop Sarah, Angelov Doychin Nikolov

机构信息

Department of Histology and Embryology, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece.

Department of Anatomy I, University of Cologne, Germany.

出版信息

Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2017;35(2):185-216. doi: 10.3233/RNN-160691.

DOI:10.3233/RNN-160691

PMID:28059803

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Following spinal cord injury (SCI), exercise training provides a wide range of benefits and promotes activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Whole body vibration (WBV) in SCI patients improves walking and spasticity as well as bone and muscle mass. However, little is known about the effects of timing or frequency of intervention.

OBJECTIVE

To determine which WBV-onset improves locomotor and bladder functions and influences synaptic plasticity beneficially.

METHODS

SCI was followed by WBV starting 1, 7, 14, 28 days after injury (WBV1, WBV7, etc.) and continued for 12 weeks. Intact animals and those receiving SCI but no WBV (No WBV), SCI plus WBV twice daily (2×WBV) and SCI followed by passive hindlimb flexion-extension (PFE) served as controls. Locomotor [BBB rating, foot stepping angle (FSA) and rump-height index (RHI)] as well as bladder function were determined at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks. Following perfusion fixation at 12 weeks, lesion volume and immunofluorescence for astrogliosis (GFAP), microglia (IBA1) and synaptic vesicles (synaptophysin, SYN) were determined.

RESULTS

Compared to the No WBV group, the WB7 and WBV14 groups showed significantly faster speeds of BBB score recovery though this effect was temporary. Considering RHI we detected a sustained improvement in the WBV14 and PFE groups. Bladder function was better in the WBV14, WBV28, 2×WBV and PFE groups. Synaptophysin levels improved in response to WBV7 and WBV14, but worsened after WBV28 in parallel to an increased IBA1 expression. Correlation- and principal components analysis revealed complex relationships between behavioural (BBB, FSA, RHI) and morphological (GFAP, IBA1, SYN) measurements.

CONCLUSIONS

WBV started 14 days after SCI provides the most benefit (RHI, bladder); starting at 1day after SCI provides no benefit and starting at 28 days may be detrimental. Increasing the intensity of WBV to twice daily did not provide additional benefit.

摘要

背景

脊髓损伤（SCI）后，运动训练具有多种益处，并能促进依赖活动的突触可塑性。脊髓损伤患者进行全身振动（WBV）可改善步行能力、缓解痉挛，以及增加骨量和肌肉量。然而，关于干预时机或频率的影响却知之甚少。

目的

确定哪种全身振动起始时间能改善运动和膀胱功能，并对突触可塑性产生有益影响。

方法

脊髓损伤后，分别于损伤后1、7、14、28天开始进行全身振动（WBV1、WBV7等），并持续12周。完整动物以及接受脊髓损伤但未进行全身振动（无全身振动组）、脊髓损伤加每日两次全身振动（2×WBV）和脊髓损伤后进行被动后肢屈伸（PFE）的动物作为对照。在第1、3、6、9和12周测定运动功能[BBB评分、步角（FSA）和臀高指数（RHI）]以及膀胱功能。在第12周进行灌注固定后，测定损伤体积以及星形胶质细胞增生（GFAP）、小胶质细胞（IBA1）和突触小泡（突触素，SYN）的免疫荧光。

结果

与无全身振动组相比，WB7和WBV14组的BBB评分恢复速度明显更快，不过这种效果是暂时的。考虑到臀高指数，我们发现WBV14组和PFE组有持续改善。WBV14、WBV28、2×WBV和PFE组的膀胱功能更好。突触素水平在WBV7和WBV14后有所改善，但在WBV28后恶化，同时IBA1表达增加。相关性和主成分分析揭示了行为学（BBB、FSA、RHI）和形态学（GFAP、IBA1、SYN）测量之间的复杂关系。