Hopkins Loren P, Ensor Katherine B, Rifai Hanadi S
a Rice University , Environmental Science and Engineering Department , Houston , Texas , USA.
b Rice University , Statistics Department , Houston , Texas , USA.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 1999 Jul;49(7):839-846. doi: 10.1080/10473289.1999.10463853.
An intercomparison study has been performed with six empirical ozone interpolation procedures to predict hourly concentrations in ambient air between monitoring stations. The objective of the study is to use monitoring network data to empirically identify an improved procedure to estimate ozone concentrations at subject exposure points. Four of the procedures in the study are currently used in human exposure models (nearest monitors daily mean and maximum, regression estimate used in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) pNEM, and inverse distance weighting), and two are being evaluated for this purpose (kriging in space and kriging in space and time). The study focused on spatial estimation during June 1-June 5, 1996, with relatively high observed ozone levels over Houston, Texas. The study evaluated these procedures at three types of locations with monitors of varying proximity. Results from the empirical evaluation indicate that kriging in space and time provides excellent estimates of ozone concentrations within a monitoring network, while the more often used techniques failed to capture observed pollutant concentrations. Improved estimation of pollutant concentrations within the region, and thus at subject locations, should result in improved exposure modeling.
已对六种经验性臭氧插值程序进行了比对研究，以预测监测站之间环境空气中的每小时浓度。该研究的目的是利用监测网络数据，通过实证确定一种改进的程序，以估算目标暴露点的臭氧浓度。该研究中的四种程序目前用于人体暴露模型（最近监测站的日均值和最大值、美国环境保护局（EPA）的pNEM中使用的回归估计以及反距离加权），另外两种程序正为此目的进行评估（空间克里金法和时空克里金法）。该研究聚焦于1996年6月1日至6月5日期间的空间估计，当时得克萨斯州休斯顿的臭氧观测水平相对较高。该研究在三种不同类型的地点进行了评估，这些地点的监测站距离各不相同。实证评估结果表明，时空克里金法能很好地估算监测网络内的臭氧浓度，而更常用的技术则无法捕捉到观测到的污染物浓度。对该区域内污染物浓度的更好估算，进而对目标地点污染物浓度的更好估算，应能改进暴露模型。
