Azevedo Constança, Santiago Luiz
Estudante. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal.
Acta Med Port. 2016 Sep;29(9):499-506. doi: 10.20344/amp.7517. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Given the rising incidence of type 2 diabetes and taking into account that much of its control depends on the patient's attitude towards his illness, loomed the need to equip health professionals with capable tools to determine the educational needs of their patients, allowing a more personalized intervention to correct habits that could be harmful to the diabetics' health.
Verify the Diabetes Knowledge Test reliability in Portugal. Analysis of socio-demographic and pathologic variables' correlation with the number of correct answers in the test.
Application of the translated version of Diabetes Knowledge Test to a convenience sample of a primary care center in Covilhã.
In general, the questions obtained a Cronbach's alpha > 0.800. Diabetics with better results in the survey proved to be more compliant, with a positive relationship between knowledge and diabetes' control. However, only 9.2% of diabetics have good knowledge about their disease, and the majority (65.8%) shows an average one. The insulin treated patients show the worst results (77.6% with low knowledge). The variables 'treatment route' and 'complications' show statistical impact on the level of knowledge that diabetics have about their pathology (p values 0.00 and 0.048, respectively). Inhabitants of rural areas, without complications secondary to diabetes and treated orally, proved to be more compliant and to have better knowledge about the disease.
Contrary to previous studies, variables such as age and educational level showed no relation with the performance in the survey. Inhabitants of the rural area and diabetics treated orally obtained better results than what had been previously advocated.
It has been proved the moderate to high psychometric reliability of the test, as its value establishing a correlation between diabetes knowledge and control. It is expected that its future application will help identifying the reasons for uncontrolled diabetics, allowing a more individualized intervention by the health professionals.
鉴于2型糖尿病的发病率不断上升，并且考虑到其病情的控制很大程度上取决于患者对自身疾病的态度，因此迫切需要为医疗专业人员配备有效的工具，以确定患者的教育需求，从而进行更具个性化的干预，纠正可能对糖尿病患者健康有害的习惯。
验证糖尿病知识测试在葡萄牙的可靠性。分析社会人口统计学和病理变量与测试中正确答案数量的相关性。
将糖尿病知识测试的翻译版本应用于科维良一家初级保健中心的便利样本。
总体而言，这些问题的克朗巴哈系数>0.800。调查中成绩较好的糖尿病患者被证明更依从，知识水平与糖尿病控制之间存在正相关关系。然而，只有9.2%的糖尿病患者对自己的疾病有充分了解，大多数（65.8%）表现为一般了解。接受胰岛素治疗的患者成绩最差（77.6%了解程度低）。“治疗方式”和“并发症”变量对糖尿病患者对自身病情的了解程度有统计学影响（p值分别为0.00和0.048）。事实证明，农村地区的居民、无糖尿病继发并发症且接受口服治疗的患者更依从，对疾病的了解也更好。
与先前的研究相反，年龄和教育水平等变量与调查成绩无关。农村地区居民和接受口服治疗的糖尿病患者取得了比先前主张的更好的成绩。
已证明该测试具有中度至高度的心理测量可靠性，其价值在于建立糖尿病知识与控制之间的相关性。预计其未来的应用将有助于找出糖尿病患者病情失控的原因，使医疗专业人员能够进行更具个性化的干预。
