Gattinoni Luca, Speiser Daniel E, Lichterfeld Mathias, Bonini Chiara
Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Oncology, Ludwig Cancer Research, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nat Med. 2017 Jan 6;23(1):18-27. doi: 10.1038/nm.4241.
T memory stem (T) cells are a rare subset of memory lymphocytes endowed with the stem cell-like ability to self-renew and the multipotent capacity to reconstitute the entire spectrum of memory and effector T cell subsets. Cumulative evidence in mice, nonhuman primates and humans indicates that T cells are minimally differentiated cells at the apex of the hierarchical system of memory T lymphocytes. Here we describe emerging findings demonstrating that T cells, owing to their extreme longevity and robust potential for immune reconstitution, are central players in many physiological and pathological human processes. We also discuss how T cell stemness could be leveraged therapeutically to enhance the efficacy of vaccines and adoptive T cell therapies for cancer and infectious diseases or, conversely, how it could be disrupted to treat T cell driven and sustained diseases, such as autoimmunity, adult T cell leukemia and HIV-1.
记忆性干细胞（T）细胞是记忆淋巴细胞中的一个稀有亚群，具有自我更新的干细胞样能力以及重建成整个记忆和效应T细胞亚群谱系的多能能力。在小鼠、非人灵长类动物和人类中的累积证据表明，T细胞是记忆T淋巴细胞层级系统顶端的低分化细胞。在此，我们描述了一些新发现，这些发现表明，由于T细胞具有极长的寿命和强大的免疫重建潜力，它们在许多人类生理和病理过程中起着核心作用。我们还讨论了如何从治疗角度利用T细胞干性来提高疫苗效力以及用于癌症和传染病的过继性T细胞疗法的疗效，或者相反，如何破坏T细胞干性来治疗由T细胞驱动和维持的疾病，如自身免疫性疾病、成人T细胞白血病和HIV-1感染。
