Jenkinson Paul M, Preston Catherine
School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of York, UK.
Conscious Cogn. 2017 Feb;48:262-272. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.12.007. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
In this study we adopted a psychometric approach to examine how the body is subjectively experienced in a mirror. One hundred and twenty-four healthy participants viewed their body for five minutes directly or via a mirror, and then completed a 20-item questionnaire designed to capture subjective experiences of the body. PCA revealed a two-component structure for both direct and mirror conditions, comprising body evaluations (and alienation) and unusual feelings and perceptions. The relationship between these components and pre-existing tendencies for appearance anxiety, body dysmorphic-type beliefs, dissociative symptomatology, self-objectification and delusion ideation further supported the similarity between direct and mirror conditions; however, the occurrence of strange experiences like those reported to occur during prolonged face viewing was not confirmed. These results suggest that, despite obvious differences in visual feedback, observing the body via a mirror (as an outside observer) is subjectively equivalent to observing the body directly (from our own viewpoint).
在本研究中，我们采用了一种心理测量方法来考察在镜子中身体的主观体验方式。124名健康参与者直接或通过镜子观察自己的身体五分钟，然后完成一份20项的问卷，旨在捕捉身体的主观体验。主成分分析揭示了直接观察和通过镜子观察两种情况下的双成分结构，包括身体评价（和疏离感）以及异常感觉和感知。这些成分与先前存在的外貌焦虑倾向、身体变形型信念、分离症状学、自我客体化和妄想观念之间的关系进一步支持了直接观察和通过镜子观察两种情况之间的相似性；然而，在长时间面部观察期间报告的那种奇怪体验的发生并未得到证实。这些结果表明，尽管视觉反馈存在明显差异，但通过镜子观察身体（作为外部观察者）在主观上等同于直接观察身体（从我们自己的视角）。
