Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90024.
Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90509; email:
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2017 Jan 6;57:189-222. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010716-104718.
Safe and efficacious vaccines are arguably the most successful medical interventions of all time. Yet the ongoing discovery of new pathogens, along with emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and a burgeoning population at risk of such infections, imposes unprecedented public health challenges. To meet these challenges, innovative strategies to discover and develop new or improved anti-infective vaccines are necessary. These approaches must intersect the most meaningful insights into protective immunity and advanced technologies with capabilities to deliver immunogens for optimal immune protection. This goal is considered through several recent advances in host-pathogen relationships, conceptual strides in vaccinology, and emerging technologies. Given a clear and growing risk of pandemic disease should the threat of infection go unmet, developing vaccines that optimize protective immunity against high-priority and antibiotic-resistant pathogens represents an urgent and unifying imperative.
安全有效的疫苗可以说是有史以来最成功的医学干预措施之一。然而，新病原体的不断发现，以及抗生素耐药性病原体的出现和易感染此类感染的人口不断增加，给公共卫生带来了前所未有的挑战。为了应对这些挑战，有必要探索和开发新的或改进的抗感染疫苗的创新策略。这些方法必须结合对保护性免疫的最有意义的见解和具有为最佳免疫保护提供免疫原能力的先进技术。通过宿主-病原体关系的一些最新进展、疫苗学的概念性进展和新兴技术来考虑这一目标。鉴于如果感染威胁得不到解决，大流行疾病的风险明显且日益增加，开发针对高优先级和抗生素耐药性病原体的优化保护性免疫的疫苗代表了一个紧迫而统一的必要条件。
