Konikkat Salini, Woolford John L
Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, 616 Mellon Institute, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, U.S.A.
Biochem J. 2017 Jan 15;474(2):195-214. doi: 10.1042/BCJ20160516.
Ribosome biogenesis requires the intertwined processes of folding, modification, and processing of ribosomal RNA, together with binding of ribosomal proteins. In eukaryotic cells, ribosome assembly begins in the nucleolus, continues in the nucleoplasm, and is not completed until after nascent particles are exported to the cytoplasm. The efficiency and fidelity of ribosome biogenesis are facilitated by >200 assembly factors and ∼76 different small nucleolar RNAs. The pathway is driven forward by numerous remodeling events to rearrange the ribonucleoprotein architecture of pre-ribosomes. Here, we describe principles of ribosome assembly that have emerged from recent studies of biogenesis of the large ribosomal subunit in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae We describe tools that have empowered investigations of ribosome biogenesis, and then summarize recent discoveries about each of the consecutive steps of subunit assembly.
核糖体生物合成需要核糖体RNA的折叠、修饰和加工以及核糖体蛋白的结合这些相互交织的过程。在真核细胞中，核糖体组装始于核仁，在核质中继续，直到新生颗粒输出到细胞质后才完成。超过200种组装因子和大约76种不同的小核仁RNA促进了核糖体生物合成的效率和保真度。该途径由众多重塑事件推动，以重新排列前核糖体的核糖核蛋白结构。在这里，我们描述了从酿酒酵母大核糖体亚基生物合成的最新研究中得出的核糖体组装原理。我们描述了有助于核糖体生物合成研究的工具，然后总结了关于亚基组装连续步骤中每一步的最新发现。
