Veksler Bella Z, Boyd Rachel, Myers Christopher W, Gunzelmann Glenn, Neth Hansjörg, Gray Wayne D
Oak Ridge Institute for Science & Education at AFRL.
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory.
Top Cogn Sci. 2017 Jan;9(1):83-101. doi: 10.1111/tops.12248. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
Visual working memory (VWM) is a construct hypothesized to store a small amount of accurate perceptual information that can be brought to bear on a task. Much research concerns the construct's capacity and the precision of the information stored. Two prominent theories of VWM representation have emerged: slot-based and continuous-resource mechanisms. Prior modeling work suggests that a continuous resource that varies over trials with variable capacity and a potential to make localization errors best accounts for the empirical data. Questions remain regarding the variability in VWM capacity and precision. Using a novel eye-tracking paradigm, we demonstrate that VWM facilitates search and exhibits effects of fixation frequency and recency, particularly for prior targets. Whereas slot-based memory models cannot account for the human data, a novel continuous-resource model does capture the behavioral and eye tracking data, and identifies the relevant resource as item activation.
视觉工作记忆（VWM）是一种假设用于存储少量可用于任务的准确感知信息的结构。许多研究关注该结构的容量以及所存储信息的精度。关于VWM表征出现了两种突出的理论：基于插槽的机制和连续资源机制。先前的建模工作表明，一种在试验中容量可变且可能产生定位误差的连续资源最能解释实证数据。关于VWM容量和精度的变异性仍存在问题。使用一种新颖的眼动追踪范式，我们证明VWM促进搜索并表现出注视频率和新近度的影响，特别是对于先前的目标。基于插槽的记忆模型无法解释人类数据，而一种新颖的连续资源模型确实捕捉到了行为和眼动追踪数据，并将相关资源识别为项目激活。
