Silverstein Brett, Ajdacic-Gross Vladeta, Rossler Wulf, Angst Jules
Department of Psychology, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.
Research Unit for Social and Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
J Affect Disord. 2017 Mar 1;210:269-272. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.006. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
Given that several studies have found the gender difference in depression to be rooted in psychosocial forces and others have shown the difference to be due to a gender difference in somatic depression, we compared the gender difference in somatic depression among respondents who reported no relative depressed with that of all other depressed respondents.
Respondents in a representative sample from the Zurich study who met criteria for somatic depression and reported no relatives (first-degree, or parents, or mothers, or fathers in separate analyses) with depression were compared to other depressed respondents as to gender.
The gender difference in the prevalence of depression among respondents with somatic depression who reported no relatives with depression (whether the relatives were all first-degree, or any parent, or mothers only or fathers only) was significantly greater than the gender difference in depression among other respondents LIMITATIONS: The measure of depression among relatives was based upon reports of the respondents.
All or almost all of the gender difference in depression in this representative sample.is due to a gender difference in somatic depression among respondents who reported no depressed relative. Somatic depression may be a disorder distinct from depression without significant additional somatic symptomatology. If so, it is likely that it should be treated differently.
鉴于多项研究发现抑郁症的性别差异源于社会心理因素，而其他研究表明这种差异是由于躯体性抑郁症的性别差异所致，我们比较了报告无亲属患抑郁症的受访者中躯体性抑郁症的性别差异与所有其他抑郁症受访者的性别差异。
将苏黎世研究中有代表性样本中符合躯体性抑郁症标准且报告无亲属（在单独分析中为一级亲属，或父母，或母亲，或父亲）患抑郁症的受访者与其他抑郁症受访者进行性别比较。
报告无亲属患抑郁症的躯体性抑郁症受访者（无论亲属是所有一级亲属，或任何父母，或仅母亲或仅父亲）中抑郁症患病率的性别差异显著大于其他受访者中抑郁症的性别差异。局限性：亲属抑郁症的测量基于受访者的报告。
在这个有代表性的样本中，抑郁症的所有或几乎所有性别差异是由于报告无患抑郁症亲属的受访者中躯体性抑郁症的性别差异所致。躯体性抑郁症可能是一种与无明显额外躯体症状的抑郁症不同的疾病。如果是这样，很可能应该采用不同的治疗方法。
