Paschoalin Rafaella T, Traldi Bruna, Aydin Gülcan, Oliveira Juliano E, Rütten Stephan, Mattoso Luiz H C, Zenke Martin, Sechi Antonio
National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Acta Biomater. 2017 Mar 15;51:161-174. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.020. Epub 2017 Jan 7.
The control of cell behaviour through material geometry is appealing as it avoids the requirement for complex chemical surface modifications. Significant advances in new technologies have been made to the development of polymeric biomaterials with controlled geometry and physico-chemical properties. Solution blow spinning technique has the advantage of ease of use allowing the production of nano or microfibres and the direct fibre deposition on any surface in situ. Yet, in spite of these advantages, very little is known about the influence of such fibres on biological functions such as immune response and cell migration. In this work, we engineered polymeric fibres composed of either pure poly(lactic acid) (PLA) or blends of PLA and polyethylene glycol (PEG) by solution blow spinning and determined their impact on dendritic cells, highly specialised cells essential for immunity and tolerance. We also determined the influence of fibres on cell adhesion and motility. Cells readily interacted with fibres resulting in an intimate contact characterised by accumulation of actin filaments and focal adhesion components at sites of cell-fibre interactions. Moreover, cells were guided along the fibres and actin and focal adhesion components showed a highly dynamic behaviour at cell-fibre interface. Remarkably, fibres did not elicit any substantial increase of activation markers and inflammatory cytokines in dendritic cells, which remained in their immature (inactive) state. Taken together, these findings will be useful for developing new biomaterials for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
通过材料几何形状控制细胞行为很有吸引力，因为它避免了复杂化学表面修饰的需求。在开发具有可控几何形状和物理化学性质的聚合物生物材料方面，新技术取得了重大进展。溶液吹纺技术具有易于使用的优点，可生产纳米或微纤维，并能直接在任何表面原位沉积纤维。然而，尽管有这些优点，但对于此类纤维对免疫反应和细胞迁移等生物学功能的影响却知之甚少。在这项工作中，我们通过溶液吹纺技术制备了由纯聚乳酸（PLA）或PLA与聚乙二醇（PEG）的共混物组成的聚合物纤维，并确定了它们对树突状细胞的影响，树突状细胞是免疫和耐受所必需的高度特化细胞。我们还确定了纤维对细胞粘附和运动的影响。细胞很容易与纤维相互作用，导致紧密接触，其特征是在细胞 - 纤维相互作用部位积累肌动蛋白丝和粘着斑成分。此外，细胞沿着纤维被引导，并且肌动蛋白和粘着斑成分在细胞 - 纤维界面处表现出高度动态的行为。值得注意的是，纤维不会引起树突状细胞中激活标志物和炎性细胞因子的任何实质性增加，树突状细胞仍处于未成熟（无活性）状态。综上所述，这些发现将有助于开发用于组织工程和再生医学的新型生物材料。
