Yamaguchi Ayano, Kim Min-Sun, Oshio Atsushi, Akutsu Satoshi
National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Japan.
University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, USA.
Health Psychol Open. 2016 Jun 1;3(1):2055102916650093. doi: 10.1177/2055102916650093. eCollection 2016 Jan.
In a large national sample of American and Japanese older adults, this study investigated how bicultural identity affects perception of health and well-being in 11 individual psychological variables (i.e. positive well-being: self-esteem, optimism, subjective well-being Japanese equivalent, gratitude, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-positive adjectives, and satisfaction with life; negative well-being: depression, pessimism, social anxiety, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-negative adjectives, and perceived stress). This sample consisted of 1248 Americans from the Midlife in the United States survey, 2004-2006, and 380 Japanese from the Midlife in Japan survey in Tokyo, Japan, 2008-2010. Results showed that bicultural individuals (having both highly independent and interdependent self-construals) in both countries tend to exhibit higher scores across most perceived health and well-being measures when compared to other groups (i.e. marginal, interdependent, and independent). Cultural-specific aspects of self-construal, health, and well-being are explained to support the findings. Discussion of these findings and their implications is also provided.
在一项针对美国和日本老年人的大型全国性样本研究中，本研究调查了双文化身份认同如何影响11个个体心理变量（即积极幸福感：自尊、乐观、主观幸福感的日本对应项、感恩、正负情感量表中的积极形容词以及生活满意度；消极幸福感：抑郁、悲观、社交焦虑、正负情感量表中的消极形容词以及感知压力）中的健康和幸福感认知。该样本包括来自2004 - 2006年美国中年调查的1248名美国人，以及来自2008 - 2010年日本东京中年调查的380名日本人。结果显示，与其他群体（即边缘群体、相互依存群体和独立群体）相比，两国的双文化个体（具有高度独立和相互依存的自我构念）在大多数感知到的健康和幸福感指标上往往得分更高。研究对自我构念、健康和幸福感的文化特定方面进行了解释，以支持这些发现。此外，还对这些发现及其影响进行了讨论。
