Otsuka Rei, Nishita Yukiko, Tange Chikako, Tomida Makiko, Kato Yuki, Nakamoto Mariko, Ando Fujiko, Shimokata Hiroshi, Suzuki Takao
National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.
National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan; Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan.
Prev Med Rep. 2016 Dec 28;5:205-209. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.12.022. eCollection 2017 Mar.
This study aimed to clarify the effects of the accumulation of 8 modifiable practices related to health, including smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, sleeping hours, body mass index, dietary diversity, (life worth living), and health checkup status, on higher-level functional capacity decline among Japanese community dwellers. Data were derived from the National Institute for Longevity Sciences - Longitudinal Study of Aging. Subjects comprised 1269 men and women aged 40 to 79 years at baseline (1997-2000) who participated in a follow-up postal survey (2013). Higher-level functional capacity was measured using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (total score and 3 subscales: instrumental self-maintenance, intellectual activity, and social role). The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for a decline in higher-level functional capacity in the follow-up study according to the total number of healthy practices were analyzed using the lowest category as a reference. Multivariate adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for the total score of higher-level functional capacity, which declined according to the total number of healthy practices (0-4, 5-6, 7-8 groups) were 1.00 (reference), 0.63 (0.44-0.92), and 0.54 (0.31-0.94). For the score of social role decline, multivariate adjusted ORs (95% CIs) were 1.00 (reference), 0.62 (0.40-0.97), and 0.46 (0.23-0.90), respectively (P for trend = 0.04). Having more modifiable healthy practices, especially in social roles, may protect against a decline in higher-level functional capacity among middle-aged and elderly community dwellers in Japan.
本研究旨在阐明与健康相关的8种可改变行为（包括吸烟、饮酒、身体活动、睡眠时间、体重指数、饮食多样性、生活价值和健康检查状况）的累积对日本社区居民更高水平功能能力下降的影响。数据来自国立长寿科学研究所——衰老纵向研究。研究对象包括1269名在基线时（1997 - 2000年）年龄在40至79岁之间的男性和女性，他们参与了一项随访邮政调查（2013年）。使用东京都老人综合研究所能力指数（总分及3个分量表：工具性自我维持、智力活动和社会角色）来衡量更高水平的功能能力。以最低类别为参照，分析了随访研究中根据健康行为总数得出的更高水平功能能力下降的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。根据健康行为总数（0 - 4、5 - 6、7 - 8组）下降的更高水平功能能力总分的多变量调整OR（95% CI）分别为1.00（参照）、0.63（0.44 - 0.92）和0.54（0.31 - 0.94）。对于社会角色下降得分，多变量调整OR（95% CI）分别为1.00（参照）、0.62（0.40 - 0.97）和0.46（0.23 - 0.90）（趋势P = 0.04）。拥有更多可改变的健康行为，尤其是在社会角色方面，可能有助于防止日本中老年社区居民更高水平功能能力的下降。
