Nakao Rieko, Nitta Akiko, Yumiba Megumi, Ota Kanon, Kamohara Saori, Ohnishi Mayumi
Department of Public Health Nursing, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan.
Nagasaki Wesleyan University, Japan.
J Rural Med. 2021 Jan;16(1):42-46. doi: 10.2185/jrm.2020-029. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
The present study aims to investigate the factors related to self-rated (purpose in life) among older residents participating in hillside residential community-based activities in Nagasaki City. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey was carried out with older residents participating in two hillside residential community-based activities in Nagasaki City, Japan. The questionnaire included questions on sociodemographic information (age, sex, family structure, education, and self-rated economic satisfaction), self-rated health, mental health status measured using Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), and self-rated ikigai score that was estimated using a visual analog scale. A total of 32 older residents (7 males, 25 females) participated in the questionnaire survey. Although self-rated ikigai score was not associated with sociodemographic factors, there were associations between the score, self-rated health (=0.001), and mental health (GDS-15) (=0.015). Statistically significant correlations between self-rated ikigai score and social participation (ρ=0.426, =0.017), self-rated health (ρ=-0.485, =0.007), and mental health (GDS-15) (ρ=-0.523, =0.007) were observed. Increasing social participation may increase individual ikigai, preventing poor self-rated health and low mental health status in older people. Maintaining their social participation in the community might be effective for the health promotion of older residents in hillside residential areas of Nagasaki City.
本研究旨在调查长崎市参与山坡居住社区活动的老年居民中与自评（生活目的）相关的因素。对日本长崎市参与两项山坡居住社区活动的老年居民进行了自填式匿名问卷调查。问卷包括社会人口学信息（年龄、性别、家庭结构、教育程度和自评经济满意度）、自评健康状况、使用老年抑郁量表15（GDS - 15）测量的心理健康状况，以及使用视觉模拟量表估计的自评生活意义得分。共有32名老年居民（7名男性，25名女性）参与了问卷调查。虽然自评生活意义得分与社会人口学因素无关，但该得分与自评健康（=0.001）和心理健康（GDS - 15）（=0.015）之间存在关联。观察到自评生活意义得分与社会参与（ρ = 0.426，=0.017）、自评健康（ρ = -0.485，=0.007）和心理健康（GDS - 15）（ρ = -0.523，=0.007）之间存在统计学显著相关性。增加社会参与可能会增加个体的生活意义，预防老年人自评健康状况不佳和心理健康水平低下。维持他们在社区中的社会参与可能对长崎市山坡居住区老年居民的健康促进有效。
