Cerrada Christian Jules, Dzubur Eldin, Blackman Kacie C A, Mays Vickie, Shoptaw Steven, Huh Jimi
Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Int J Behav Med. 2017 Oct;24(5):665-672. doi: 10.1007/s12529-016-9628-x.
Cigarette smoking is a preventable risk factor that contributes to unnecessary lung cancer burden among Korean Americans and there is limited research on effective smoking cessation strategies for this population. Smartphone-based smoking cessation apps that leverage just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) hold promise for smokers attempting to quit. However, little is known about how to develop and tailor a smoking cessation JITAI for Korean American emerging adult (KAEA) smokers.
This paper documents the development process of MyQuit USC according to design guidelines for JITAI. Our development process builds on findings from a prior ecological momentary assessment study by using qualitative research methods. Semi-structured interviews and a focus group were conducted to inform which intervention options to offer and the decision rules that dictate their delivery.
Qualitative findings highlighted that (1) smoking episodes are highly context-driven and that (2) KAEA smokers believe they need personalized cessation strategies tailored to different contexts. Thus, MyQuit USC operates via decision rules that guide the delivery of personalized implementation intentions, which are contingent on dynamic factors, to be delivered "just in time" at user-scheduled, high-risk smoking situations.
Through an iterative design process, informed by quantitative and qualitative formative research, we developed a smoking cessation JITAI tailored specifically for KAEA smokers. Further testing is under way to optimize future versions of the app with the most effective intervention strategies and decision rules. MyQuit USC has the potential to provide cessation support in real-world settings, when KAEAs need them the most.
吸烟是一个可预防的风险因素，它加重了韩裔美国人不必要的肺癌负担，而针对这一人群的有效戒烟策略的研究有限。利用即时自适应干预（JITAIs）的基于智能手机的戒烟应用程序有望帮助吸烟者戒烟。然而，对于如何为韩裔美国新兴成年人（KAEA）吸烟者开发和定制戒烟JITAI，我们知之甚少。
本文根据JITAI的设计指南记录了MyQuit USC的开发过程。我们的开发过程以先前一项生态瞬时评估研究的结果为基础，采用定性研究方法。进行了半结构化访谈和焦点小组讨论，以确定提供哪些干预选项以及决定其实施的决策规则。
定性研究结果表明：（1）吸烟行为受环境驱动程度高；（2）KAEA吸烟者认为他们需要针对不同环境量身定制的个性化戒烟策略。因此，MyQuit USC通过决策规则运行，这些规则指导在用户预定的高风险吸烟情况下“及时”提供取决于动态因素的个性化实施意图。
通过一个由定量和定性形成性研究提供信息的迭代设计过程，我们开发了一款专门为KAEA吸烟者量身定制的戒烟JITAI。目前正在进行进一步测试，以用最有效的干预策略和决策规则优化该应用程序的未来版本。MyQuit USC有潜力在KAEA最需要的时候在现实环境中提供戒烟支持。
