通过 ATG9 进行自噬膜的递呈。
Autophagic membrane delivery through ATG9.
机构信息
Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
出版信息
Cell Res. 2017 Feb;27(2):161-162. doi: 10.1038/cr.2017.4. Epub 2017 Jan 10.
Abstract
One of the key questions regarding macroautophagy/autophagy is the mechanism through which the transmembrane protein ATG9 functions in delivering membrane to the expanding phagophore, the sequestering compartment that matures into an autophagosome. In a recent study, Zhou et al. identified a novel mechanism that regulates ATG9 trafficking from the plasma membrane and trans-Golgi network, which involves two conserved sorting signals required for ATG9 interaction with the AP1/2 adaptor complex and phosphorylation of ATG9 at Tyr8 by SRC kinase and at Ser14 by ULK1 for proper function during basal and starvation-induced autophagy.
摘要
关于巨自噬/自噬的一个关键问题是跨膜蛋白 ATG9 如何在将膜递送至扩大的吞噬体（即成熟为自噬体的隔离区）中发挥作用。在最近的一项研究中，Zhou 等人发现了一种新的机制，该机制调节 ATG9 从质膜和高尔基网络中的运输，该机制涉及两个保守的分选信号，这些信号对于 ATG9 与 AP1/2 衔接复合物的相互作用以及 SRC 激酶对 ATG9 的 Tyr8 残基和 ULK1 对 Ser14 残基的磷酸化是必需的，这些磷酸化对于基础和饥饿诱导的自噬期间的正常功能至关重要。
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本文引用的文献
1
Regulation of mATG9 trafficking by Src- and ULK1-mediated phosphorylation in basal and starvation-induced autophagy.在基础自噬和饥饿诱导的自噬中，Src和ULK1介导的磷酸化对mATG9转运的调控。
Cell Res. 2017 Feb;27(2):184-201. doi: 10.1038/cr.2016.146. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
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Phosphorylation of Atg9 regulates movement to the phagophore assembly site and the rate of autophagosome formation.Atg9的磷酸化作用调控其向吞噬泡组装位点的移动以及自噬体形成的速率。
Autophagy. 2016;12(4):648-58. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1157237.
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TBC1D5 and the AP2 complex regulate ATG9 trafficking and initiation of autophagy.TBC1D5与AP2复合物调节自噬相关蛋白9（ATG9）的转运及自噬起始。
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Early steps in autophagy depend on direct phosphorylation of Atg9 by the Atg1 kinase.自噬作用的早期步骤依赖于 Atg1 激酶对 Atg9 的直接磷酸化。
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