Ruiz Carolina, Díaz Miguel Ángel, Zapata Juan Marcelo, Bravo Sebastián, Panay Sergio, Escobar Cristina, Godoy Jorge, Andresen Max, Castro Ricardo
Unidad de Pacientes Críticos, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile.
Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2016 Oct;144(10):1297-1304. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872016001000009.
The epidemiology of critical patients in Chile could differ from that reported in international studies.
To describe the causes of admission and evolution of patients who were admitted to the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) of a general hospital in Chile in a two-year period (2012-2013).
A retrospective study was carried out using the ICU database. The following variables were registered: admission diagnosis, APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation), days of mechanical ventilation (MV), ICU length of stay and ICU and hospital survival.
We analyzed data from 1075 aged 54 ± 18 years (55% males), representing 75% of the admissions during the study period. The median ICU and MV lengths were 5 and 3 days respectively (92% of patients required MV). APACHE II was 20.5 ± 8.2. The ICU and hospital mortality rate were 19.4% and 31%, respectively. Critical neurological diseases were the most common diagnoses requiring ICU, representing 26.8% of the admissions. No differences were found between 2012 and 2013 in age, APACHE II, ICU or hospital survival. A longer post ICU length of stay was found during 2013, both for patients who survived and those who died at the hospital.
This study highlights the high percentage of patients that required MV and the high percentage critical neurological conditions requiring ICU admission. The characteristics and evolution of patients admitted to the ICU did not differ during 2012 and 2013.
智利危重症患者的流行病学情况可能与国际研究报告的不同。
描述智利一家综合医院重症监护病房（ICU）在两年期间（2012 - 2013年）收治患者的入院原因及病情演变。
使用ICU数据库进行回顾性研究。记录了以下变量：入院诊断、急性生理与慢性健康状况评估系统Ⅱ（APACHE II）评分、机械通气天数（MV）、ICU住院时间以及ICU和医院内的生存情况。
我们分析了1075例年龄为54±18岁（55%为男性）患者的数据，占研究期间入院患者的75%。ICU住院时间中位数和机械通气天数中位数分别为5天和3天（92%的患者需要机械通气）。APACHE II评分为20.5±8.2。ICU死亡率和医院死亡率分别为19.4%和31%。严重神经系统疾病是需要入住ICU的最常见诊断，占入院患者的26.8%。2012年和2013年在年龄、APACHE II评分、ICU或医院生存率方面未发现差异。2013年，无论是在医院存活还是死亡的患者，ICU后的住院时间都更长。
本研究突出了需要机械通气的患者比例较高以及需要入住ICU的严重神经系统疾病患者比例较高的情况。2012年和2013年入住ICU患者的特征及病情演变并无差异。
