Taquette Stella Regina, Rodrigues Adriana de Oliveira, Bortolotti Lívia Rocha
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Av. Professor Manuel de Abreu, Maracanã. 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Atenção Primária à Saúde, UERJ. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2017 Jan;22(1):23-30. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232017221.23532015.
Pre- and post-HIV test counseling has singular importance in adolescence, since it is a phase of great changes, and AIDS is an incurable chronic disease. In order to comprehend the perception of young people with AIDS diagnosed in adolescence regarding the counseling received upon testing, we conducted 39 in-depth interviews, with 23 in female patients and 16 male patients, and then analyzed the data with extensive reading, categorization and interpretation on a comprehensive basis. The results revealed that less than one third received pre-test counseling (30.8%), which often was limited to the explanation of the reason of the test, and 51.2% were counseled post-test. We found that most patients were unaccompanied when receiving the communication of their seropositivity, some of which were later informed by the adolescent's guardian. Some patients felt secure after counseling, realizing that the disease is something that would not change their lives, if they properly followed the guidelines. On the other hand, the feelings of desperation and suicide expressed by some of the patients may have been influenced by the lack of adequate counseling. We have concluded that, for the improved management of the epidemic, there is a need to enhance the communications of health professionals, especially those that are in primary care, pre-natal services, gynecology and family health strategy.
在青少年时期，艾滋病病毒检测前和检测后的咨询具有独特的重要性，因为这是一个发生巨大变化的阶段，而艾滋病是一种无法治愈的慢性疾病。为了了解青少年时期被诊断出感染艾滋病的年轻人对检测时所接受咨询的看法，我们进行了39次深度访谈，其中女性患者23人，男性患者16人，然后通过广泛阅读、分类和全面解读对数据进行了分析。结果显示，不到三分之一的人接受了检测前咨询（30.8%），且通常仅限于对检测原因的解释，51.2%的人在检测后接受了咨询。我们发现，大多数患者在得知自己血清呈阳性时无人陪伴，其中一些人后来由青少年的监护人告知。一些患者在咨询后感到安心，意识到如果他们正确遵循指导方针，这种疾病不会改变他们的生活。另一方面，一些患者表达的绝望和自杀情绪可能受到了缺乏充分咨询的影响。我们得出结论，为了更好地控制疫情，有必要加强卫生专业人员的沟通，特别是那些从事初级保健、产前服务、妇科和家庭健康战略的人员。
