Rocha e Silva Roberto, Lourenção Artur, Goncharov Maxim, Jatene Fabio B
Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 Nov-Dec;31(6):449-453. doi: 10.5935/1678-9741.20160089.
Introduce the low-cost and easy to purchase simulator without biological material so that any institution may promote extensive cardiovascular surgery training both in a hospital setting and at home without large budgets.
A transparent plastic box is placed in a wooden frame, which is held by the edges using elastic bands, with the bottom turned upwards, where an oval opening is made, "simulating" a thoracotomy. For basic exercises in the aorta, the model presented by our service in the 2015 Brazilian Congress of Cardiovascular Surgery: a silicone ice tray, where one can train to make aortic purse-string suture, aortotomy, aortorrhaphy and proximal and distal anastomoses. Simulators for the training of valve replacement and valvoplasty, atrial septal defect repair and aortic diseases were added. These simulators are based on sewage pipes obtained in construction material stores and the silicone trays and ethyl vinyl acetate tissue were obtained in utility stores, all of them at a very low cost.
The models were manufactured using inert materials easily found in regular stores and do not present contamination risk. They may be used in any environment and maybe stored without any difficulties. This training enabled young surgeons to familiarize and train different surgical techniques, including procedures for aortic diseases. In a subjective assessment, these surgeons reported that the training period led to improved surgical techniques in the surgical field.
The model described in this protocol is effective and low-cost when compared to existing simulators, enabling a large array of cardiovascular surgery training.
介绍一种无需生物材料、成本低廉且易于购买的模拟器，以便任何机构都能在无需高额预算的情况下，在医院环境和家庭中推广广泛的心血管外科手术培训。
将一个透明塑料盒放置在木框架中，用橡皮筋固定在边缘，底部向上，在底部开一个椭圆形开口，“模拟”开胸手术。对于主动脉的基础练习，我们的服务团队在2015年巴西心血管外科学会上展示的模型：一个硅胶冰盒，可用于训练主动脉荷包缝合、主动脉切开、主动脉修补以及近端和远端吻合术。增加了用于瓣膜置换和瓣膜成形术、房间隔缺损修复以及主动脉疾病训练的模拟器。这些模拟器基于在建筑材料商店购买的污水管，硅胶托盘和乙烯 - 醋酸乙烯酯薄材在杂货店购买，所有这些成本都非常低。
这些模型使用在普通商店容易找到的惰性材料制造，不存在污染风险。它们可在任何环境中使用，并且存储方便。这种培训使年轻外科医生熟悉并训练了不同的手术技术，包括主动脉疾病的手术操作。在主观评估中，这些外科医生报告说培训期提高了他们在手术领域的技术水平。
与现有模拟器相比，本方案中描述的模型有效且成本低廉，能够进行大量的心血管外科手术培训。
