Yuan Shi-Min
The First Hospital of Putian, Teaching Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Putian, Fujian Province, China.
Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 Nov-Dec;31(6):454-460. doi: 10.5935/1678-9741.20160090.
Quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare congenital heart disease. The functional status of QAV is predominantly a pure aortic regurgitation. Clinical manifestations of patients with a QAV depend on the functional status of the QAV and the associated disorders. Significant valvular regurgitation and (or) stenosis is often present with subsequent operation performed at the fifth to sixth decade of life. The functional status of QAV is predominantly regurgitant; whereas pure stenotic QAV can be as few as in only 0.7% of the patients. QAV is usually an isolated anomaly, but other congenital heart defects can be present in 18-32% of the patients. About one-fifth of them require a surgical operation. Tricuspidalization is a preferred technique for QAV repair. As not all the patients with a QAV necessarily warrant a surgical operation, decision-making in patient selection and surgical procedure of choice are crucial. Antibiotic prophylaxis against infective endocarditis is necessary in the QAV patients with unequal-sized cusps.
四叶式主动脉瓣（QAV）是一种罕见的先天性心脏病。QAV的功能状态主要为单纯主动脉反流。QAV患者的临床表现取决于QAV的功能状态及相关病症。显著的瓣膜反流和（或）狭窄常存在，随后在50至60岁时进行手术。QAV的功能状态主要为反流；而单纯狭窄性QAV患者仅占0.7%。QAV通常为孤立性异常，但18% - 32%的患者可能合并其他先天性心脏缺陷。其中约五分之一的患者需要进行外科手术。三尖瓣化是QAV修复的首选技术。由于并非所有QAV患者都必然需要进行外科手术，因此患者选择和手术方式的决策至关重要。对于瓣叶大小不等的QAV患者，预防性使用抗生素以预防感染性心内膜炎是必要的。
