Morikage Naohiro, Hamada Tomohiro, Usami Akinobu, Takada Satoshi
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 311, Misumido, Tomita, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan.
Department of Morphological Biology, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 311, Misumido, Tomita, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2017 Jul;39(7):735-739. doi: 10.1007/s00276-016-1804-9. Epub 2017 Jan 11.
Lingual foramina can be observed between the lingual aspects of the mandible in humans. A sublingual artery is thought to exist in sublingual space and a submental artery in submaxillary space, which pierce the mandible through lingual foramina. During surgery for oral implant placement between apices of the mental foramen, it is important to determine the existence and positioning of lingual foramina. The purpose of this study was to investigate the positions of lingual foramina in relation to the mylohyoid muscle and vertical position of the mylohyoid line using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.
We examined 20 formalin-perfused cadavers. The mylohyoid muscle was dissected and marked with a silicone tube, then CBCT images were obtained to evaluate the relationship of that muscle with lingual foramina.
We observed 37 lingual foramina in the 20 cadavers. As for vertical positioning, 16 lingual foramina were found in sublingual space, while in horizontal positioning, 6 were found in the anterior region of sublingual space. The ratio of vertical distance from the inferior margin to the mylohyoid line and mental spine was lower in the anterior region as compared to the posterior region.
In this study, lingual foramina were found to commonly exist in sublingual space above the mylohyoid muscle and pierce the mesial side. For evaluation of the vertical position of the mylohyoid line, it is better to use the stable mental spine rather than the alveolar process.
在人类下颌骨舌侧可观察到舌孔。舌下间隙被认为存在舌下动脉，颌下间隙存在颏下动脉，它们通过舌孔穿破下颌骨。在颏孔尖之间进行口腔种植手术时，确定舌孔的存在和位置很重要。本研究的目的是使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）图像研究舌孔相对于下颌舌骨肌的位置以及下颌舌骨线的垂直位置。
我们检查了20具经福尔马林灌注的尸体。解剖下颌舌骨肌并用硅胶管标记，然后获取CBCT图像以评估该肌肉与舌孔的关系。
我们在20具尸体中观察到37个舌孔。在垂直定位方面，舌下间隙发现16个舌孔，在水平定位方面，舌下间隙前部发现6个。与后部区域相比，前部区域从下缘到下颌舌骨线和颏棘的垂直距离比例更低。
在本研究中，发现舌孔通常存在于下颌舌骨肌上方的舌下间隙并穿破内侧。为评估下颌舌骨线的垂直位置，使用稳定的颏棘而非牙槽突更好。
