Domestic and Specialized Medicine Centre "Dilmed,"Katowice. Poland.
Jozef Strus Poznan City Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, 3 Szwajcarska St, 361-285 Poznan. Poland.
Curr Pharm Des. 2017;23(4):639-654. doi: 10.2174/1381612823666170111095723.
Tobacco smoking has detrimental influence on human health.
The analysis of influence of tobacco smoking on retina diseases, uveitis, optic neuropathies, and thyroidassociated orbitopathy in adults and children.
A comprehensive review of the literature performed through MEDLINE and PubMed searches, covering the years 2000-2016.
In adults, tobacco smoking is a strong risk factor for age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, uveitis and inflamed cystoid macular edema as well as Grave`s ophthalmopathy. Tobacco smoking reduces thickness of the retina and choroid, plays a role in episcleritis, sclerits, tobacco optic neuropathy, and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. In children, maternal smoking is a significant risk factor for stages 3 and 4 retinopathy of prematurity, optic nerve hypoplasia among babies with a birth weight over 2500 g and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer.
Tobacco smoking plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many posterior eye segment diseases leading to blindness in adults and children.
吸烟对人类健康有害。
分析吸烟对成人和儿童视网膜疾病、葡萄膜炎、视神经病变和甲状腺相关眼病的影响。
通过 MEDLINE 和 PubMed 检索对 2000 年至 2016 年的文献进行全面综述。
在成人中，吸烟是年龄相关性黄斑变性、息肉样脉络膜血管病变、葡萄膜炎和炎症性囊样黄斑水肿以及格雷夫斯眼病的一个强烈危险因素。吸烟会导致视网膜和脉络膜变薄，在表层巩膜炎、巩膜炎、烟草性视神经病变和莱伯遗传性视神经病变中起作用。在儿童中，母亲吸烟是导致早产儿视网膜病变 3 期和 4 期、出生体重超过 2500 克的婴儿视神经发育不全以及视网膜神经纤维层变薄的一个重要危险因素。
吸烟在许多导致成人和儿童失明的后眼部疾病的发病机制中起重要作用。
