Kundal Vijay Kumar, Debnath Pinaki Ranjan, Sen Amita
Department of Pediatric Surgery, PGIMER and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 2017 Jan-Mar;22(1):33-37. doi: 10.4103/0971-9261.194618.
To assess the epidemiology, pattern, and outcome of trauma in pediatric population.
A total of 1148 pediatric patients below 15 years of age presenting in the emergency department of our hospital were studied over a period of 3 years. The patients were categorized into four age groups of <1 year, 1-5 years, 6-10 years, and 11-15 years. The data were compared regarding mode of trauma, type of injury, place of injury among different age groups and both sexes.
The majority of the pediatric trauma cases were seen in males 69.86%, ( = 802) and females comprised only 30.13% ( = 346). Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most common mode of trauma in male children, i.e. 59.47% ( = 477) followed by fall injuries, i.e. 29.42% ( = 236). In females, fall was the most common mode of trauma, i.e. 52.31% ( = 181) followed by RTA (36.70%, = 127). Fall injuries occurred mostly at homes. Among RTA, hit by vehicle on road while playing was most common followed by passenger accidents on two wheelers, followed by hit by vehicle while walking to school. Among fall, fall while playing at home was the most common. Out of total 1148 patients, 304 (26.48%) comprised the polytrauma cases (involvement of more than two organ systems), followed by abdominal/pelvic trauma (20.99%, = 241), followed by head/face trauma (19.86%, = 228). Out of total 1148 patients admitted over a period of 36 months, 64 died (5.57%). 75 (6.5%) patients had some kind of residual deformity or disability.
The high incidence of pediatric trauma on roads and falls indicate the need for more supervision during playing and identification of specific risk factors for these injuries in our setting. This study shows that these epidemiological parameters could be a useful tool to identify burden and research priorities for specific type of injuries. A comprehensive trauma registry in our set up seems to be important for formulating policies to reduce pediatric trauma burden.
评估儿科人群创伤的流行病学、模式及结局。
在3年期间，对我院急诊科收治的1148例15岁以下儿科患者进行了研究。患者被分为4个年龄组：<1岁、1 - 5岁、6 - 10岁和11 - 15岁。比较了不同年龄组及男女在创伤方式、损伤类型、损伤地点方面的数据。
大多数儿科创伤病例见于男性，占69.86%（n = 802），女性仅占30.13%（n = 346）。道路交通事故（RTA）是男童最常见的创伤方式，即59.47%（n = 477），其次是跌落伤，占29.42%（n = 236）。在女性中，跌落是最常见的创伤方式，即52.31%（n = 181），其次是道路交通事故（36.70%，n = 127）。跌落伤大多发生在家中。在道路交通事故中，玩耍时在路上被车辆撞到最为常见，其次是两轮摩托车乘客事故，然后是上学途中被车辆撞到。在跌落伤中，在家中玩耍时跌落最为常见。在总共1148例患者中，304例（26.48%）为多发伤病例（涉及两个以上器官系统），其次是腹部/盆腔创伤（20.99%，n = 241），然后是头部/面部创伤（19.86%，n = 228）。在36个月期间收治的1148例患者中，64例死亡（5.57%）。75例（6.5%）患者有某种残留畸形或残疾。
儿科创伤在道路和跌落方面的高发生率表明，在玩耍期间需要更多监督，并识别我们环境中这些损伤的特定风险因素。本研究表明，这些流行病学参数可能是识别特定类型损伤的负担和研究重点的有用工具。在我们的机构建立一个综合创伤登记系统似乎对制定减少儿科创伤负担的政策很重要。
