Ladd Eric, Shea Katherine M, Bagley Patrick, Rundell Sean, Auerbach Paul S, Pirrotta Elizabeth A, Wang Ewen, Lipman Grant S
Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine.
University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England.
Cureus. 2016 Dec 7;8(12):e918. doi: 10.7759/cureus.918.
Hydration status is a controversial determinant of athletic performance. This relationship has not been examined with mountaineering performance.
This was a prospective observational study of mountaineers who attempted to climb Denali in Alaska. Participants' urine specific gravity (SG), and ultrasound measurements of the inferior vena cava size and collapsibility index (IVC-CI) were measured at rest prior to ascent. Upon descent, climbers reported maximum elevation gained for determination of summit success.
One hundred twenty-one participants enrolled in the study. Data were collected on 111 participants (92% response rate); of those, 105 (87%) had complete hydration data. Fifty-seven percent of study participants were found to be dehydrated by IVC-CI on ultrasound, and 55% by urine SG. No significant association was found with summit success and quantitative measurements of hydration: IVC-CI (50.4% +/- 15.6 vs. 52.9% +/- 15.4, p = 0.91), IVC size (0.96 cm +/- 0.3 vs. 0.99 cm +/- 0.3, p = 0.81), and average SG (1.02 +/- 0.008 vs. 1.02 +/- 0.008, p = 0.87). Categorical measurements of urine SG found 24% more successful summiters were hydrated at 14 Camp, but this was not found to be statistically significant (p = 0.56). Summit success was associated with greater water-carrying capacity on univariate analysis only: 2.3 L, 95% confidence interval (2.1 - 2.5) vs. 2.1 L, 95% confidence interval (2 - 2.2); p < 0.01.
Intravascular dehydration was found in approximately half of technical high-altitude mountaineers. Hydration status was not significantly associated with summit success, but increased water-carrying capacity may be an easy and inexpensive educational intervention to improve performance.
水合状态是运动表现的一个有争议的决定因素。这种关系尚未在登山表现中得到研究。
这是一项对试图攀登阿拉斯加德纳里峰的登山者进行的前瞻性观察研究。在登山前休息时测量参与者的尿比重（SG）以及下腔静脉大小和塌陷指数（IVC-CI）的超声测量值。下山时，登山者报告所达到的最高海拔以确定登顶是否成功。
121名参与者纳入研究。收集了111名参与者的数据（应答率92%）；其中，105名（87%）有完整的水合数据。通过超声IVC-CI发现57%的研究参与者脱水，通过尿比重发现55%脱水。未发现登顶成功与水合的定量测量之间存在显著关联：IVC-CI（50.4%±15.6对52.9%±15.4，p = 0.91）、IVC大小（0.96 cm±0.3对0.99 cm±0.3，p = 0.81）以及平均SG（1.02±0.008对1.02±0.008，p = 0.87）。尿比重的分类测量发现，在14营地时，水合状态良好的登顶成功者多24%，但这在统计学上无显著意义（p = 0.56）。仅在单因素分析中，登顶成功与更大的携水量相关：2.3升，95%置信区间（2.1 - 2.5）对2.1升，95%置信区间（2 - 2.2）；p < 0.01。
在大约一半的技术型高海拔登山者中发现了血管内脱水。水合状态与登顶成功无显著关联，但增加携水量可能是一种简单且廉价的教育干预措施，可提高表现。
