Waterbrook Anna L, Shah Amish, Jannicky Elisabeth, Stolz Uwe, Cohen Randy P, Gross Austin, Adhikari Srikar
University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona USA.
J Ultrasound Med. 2015 Feb;34(2):239-45. doi: 10.7863/ultra.34.2.239.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava (IVC) in college football players during preseason camp is a reliable way to detect and monitor dehydration. Our primary hypothesis was that IVC diameter measurements, the postpractice caval index, and expiratory diameter were significantly related to percent weight loss after a preseason football practice.
A prospective cohort sample of Division I intercollegiate football players in preseason training camp was recruited before practice. All football players on the active roster who were at least 18 years of age were eligible to participate in the study. Sonographic IVC measurements were obtained in the long axis using either the subcostal or subxiphoid approach during inspiration and expiration both before and after an approximately 3-hour practice with moderate to high levels of exertion at high ambient temperatures. Player weights were recorded in the locker room before and after practice.
A total of 27 prepractice and postpractice sonographic measurements were obtained. The postpractice expiratory IVC diameter was significantly related to percent weight loss after practice (R(2) = 0.153; P = .042), with the IVC diameter being significantly inversely correlated with percent weight loss; the regression coefficient was -1.07 (95% confidence interval, -2.09 to -0.04). There was no statistically significant relationship between percent weight loss and the postpractice caval index; the regression coefficient was 0.245 (95% confidence interval, -0.10 to 0.59; R(2) = 0.078; P = .16).
The postpractice expiratory IVC diameter was significantly related to percent weight loss after practice, whereas the caval index was not found to correlate with weight loss.
本研究旨在确定在季前训练营期间对大学橄榄球运动员进行下腔静脉（IVC）超声测量是否是检测和监测脱水的可靠方法。我们的主要假设是，IVC直径测量值、训练后腔静脉指数和呼气时直径与季前橄榄球训练后的体重减轻百分比显著相关。
在训练前招募了一组参加季前训练营的美国大学体育协会（NCAA）一级联盟校际橄榄球运动员作为前瞻性队列样本。所有活跃名单上至少18岁的橄榄球运动员都有资格参与本研究。在高环境温度下进行约3小时的中等至高强度训练前后，于吸气和呼气时采用肋下或剑突下途径，以长轴方式获取IVC的超声测量值。在更衣室记录运动员训练前后的体重。
共获得27次训练前和训练后的超声测量值。训练后呼气时的IVC直径与训练后的体重减轻百分比显著相关（R² = 0.153；P = 0.042），IVC直径与体重减轻百分比呈显著负相关；回归系数为 -1.07（95%置信区间，-2.09至 -0.04）。体重减轻百分比与训练后的腔静脉指数之间无统计学显著关系；回归系数为0.245（95%置信区间，-0.10至0.59；R² = 0.078；P = 0.16）。
训练后呼气时的IVC直径与训练后的体重减轻百分比显著相关，而腔静脉指数与体重减轻无相关性。
