Moyen Nicole E, Ganio Matthew S, Wiersma Lenny D, Kavouras Stavros A, Gray Michelle, McDermott Brendon P, Adams J D, Binns Ashley P, Judelson Daniel A, McKenzie Amy L, Johnson Evan C, Muñoz Colleen X, Kunces Laura J, Armstrong Lawrence E
a Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , AR , USA.
J Sports Sci. 2015;33(18):1962-9. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1021275. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
Laboratory-based studies indicate mild dehydration adversely affects mood. Although ultra-endurance events often result in mild to moderate dehydration, little research has evaluated whether the relationship between hydration status and mood state also exists in these arduous events. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate how hydration status affected mood state and perceptual measures during a 161 km ultra-endurance cycling event. One hundred and nineteen cyclists (103 males, 16 females; age = 46 ± 9 years; height = 175.4 ± 17.9 cm; mass = 82.8 ± 16.3 kg) from the 2011 and 2013 Hotter'N Hell events participated. Perceived exertion, Thermal, Thirst, and Pain sensations, Brunel Profile of Mood States, and urine specific gravity (USG) were measured pre- (1 h before), mid- (97 km), and post-ride. Participants were classified at each time point as dehydrated (USG ≥ 1.022) or euhydrated (USG ≤ 1.018). Independent of time point, dehydrated participants (USG = 1.027 ± 0.004) had decreased Vigour and increased Fatigue, Pain, Thirst, and Thermal sensations compared to euhydrated participants (USG = 1.012 ± 0.004; all P < 0.01). USG significantly correlated with Fatigue (r = 0.36), Vigour (r = -0.27), Thirst (r = 0.15), and Pain (r = 0.22; all P < 0.05). In conclusion, dehydrated participants had greater Fatigue and Pain than euhydrated participants. These findings indicate dehydration may adversely affect mood state and perceptual ratings during ultra-endurance cycling.
基于实验室的研究表明，轻度脱水会对情绪产生不利影响。尽管超耐力赛事常常会导致轻度至中度脱水，但很少有研究评估在这些艰苦赛事中，身体水分状态与情绪状态之间的关系是否也存在。因此，本研究的目的是评估在一场161公里的超耐力自行车赛事中，身体水分状态是如何影响情绪状态和感知指标的。来自2011年和2013年“地狱更热”赛事的119名自行车运动员（103名男性，16名女性；年龄 = 46 ± 9岁；身高 = 175.4 ± 17.9厘米；体重 = 82.8 ± 16.3千克）参与了研究。在骑行前（约赛前1小时）、骑行中（约97公里处）和骑行后测量了自觉用力程度、热感、口渴感、疼痛感、布鲁内尔情绪状态量表，以及尿比重（USG）。在每个时间点，参与者被分为脱水组（USG ≥ 1.022）或水合正常组（USG ≤ 1.018）。与水合正常的参与者（USG = 1.012 ± 0.004）相比，无论时间点如何，脱水的参与者（USG = 1.027 ± 0.004）活力下降，疲劳感、疼痛感、口渴感和热感增加（所有P < 0.01）。USG与疲劳感（r = 0.36）、活力（r = -0.27）、口渴感（r = 0.15）和疼痛感（r = 0.22；所有P < 0.05）显著相关。总之，脱水的参与者比水合正常的参与者有更强烈的疲劳感和疼痛感。这些发现表明，脱水可能会对超耐力自行车赛事中的情绪状态和感知评分产生不利影响。
