Department cum National Centre for Human Genome Studies and Research (NCHGSR), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2017 Jan;19(1):1. doi: 10.1007/s11906-017-0699-0.
Hypertension is an important risk factor in various pathologies. Despite enormous advancements in health sciences, the number of hypertensive individuals is increasing worldwide. The complex interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors seems to be a promising pathway to exploring the pathophysiology of hypertension.
Various single gene and genome wide association studies have generated huge but non-reproducible data that highlights the role of some additional but as yet unidentified factor(s) in disease outcome. Dietary pattern and epigenetic mechanism (mainly DNA methylation) have shown a profound effect on blood pressure regulation. Angiotensin II and its receptors are known to play an important role in maintaining blood pressure; hence, a larger section of antihypertensive drugs targets the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), besides maintaining blood pressure, also has a role in cancer progression. Besides other pathways, RAS still remains the main player in blood pressure regulation. Additionally, AT1R has recently emerged as a molecule with diverse roles ranging from physiologic to cancer progression.
高血压是多种病理的重要危险因素。尽管在健康科学方面取得了巨大进展，但全球高血压患者的数量仍在增加。遗传和表观遗传因素之间的复杂相互作用似乎是探索高血压病理生理学的一个很有前途的途径。
各种单基因和全基因组关联研究产生了大量但不可复制的数据，这些数据突出了一些其他但尚未确定的因素在疾病结果中的作用。饮食模式和表观遗传机制（主要是 DNA 甲基化）对血压调节有深远的影响。血管紧张素 II 及其受体在维持血压方面起着重要作用；因此，更大比例的降压药物针对肾素-血管紧张素系统 (RAS)。血管紧张素 II 型 1 受体 (AT1R) 除了维持血压外，在癌症进展中也有作用。除了其他途径外，RAS 仍然是血压调节的主要参与者。此外，AT1R 最近已成为一种具有从生理到癌症进展等多种作用的分子。
