1 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2017 Mar;63(2):109-114. doi: 10.1177/0020764016685347. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
Suicide is an important, preventable, public health problem worldwide, caused by the interaction of numerous environmental, biological and psychosocial factors.
This study aimed to identify the factors associated with suicidal attempts in Isfahan, Iran, in 2015.
In this case-control study, 175 cases who committed suicide and were admitted to emergency services were compared with 175 controls selected among outpatients from the same hospital without any history of suicide attempt. Demographic, psychosocial, personality traits, religiosity, coping skills, stressful life events, socioeconomic status and psychiatric distress were compared between groups. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for suicide.
Marital status, education, socioeconomic status, psychological distress, perceived social support, stress coping strategies, personality, religious beliefs, stress life events and general health condition were significantly different between groups. The regression analysis revealed that perceived social support (odds ratio (OR) = 0.962, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.94-0.984), religious beliefs (OR = 0.923, 95% CI: 0.867-0.984) and stressful life event (OR = 1.524, 95% CI: 1.251-1.856) were significantly associated with suicide attempts.
Our finding showed that religious beliefs, perceived social support and stressful life events are the main factors associated with suicide attempts. So, positive strategies such as improvements in life skills to control stressful life events, religiosity and perceived social support can be used to control suicide attempts.
自杀是一个重要的、可预防的全球性公共卫生问题，由众多环境、生物和心理社会因素共同作用导致。
本研究旨在识别 2015 年伊朗伊斯法罕自杀未遂的相关因素。
本病例对照研究共纳入 175 例自杀未遂并被送往急诊的患者作为病例组，并与来自同一医院无自杀未遂史的 175 例门诊患者作为对照组进行比较。对两组的人口统计学、心理社会、人格特质、宗教信仰、应对技巧、生活应激事件、社会经济地位和精神健康状况进行比较。采用多变量逻辑回归分析识别自杀的独立危险因素。
两组间的婚姻状况、教育程度、社会经济地位、精神健康状况、感知社会支持、应对压力策略、人格特质、宗教信仰、生活应激事件和总体健康状况差异均有统计学意义。回归分析显示，感知社会支持（比值比（OR）=0.962，95%置信区间（CI）：0.94-0.984）、宗教信仰（OR=0.923，95%CI：0.867-0.984）和生活应激事件（OR=1.524，95%CI：1.251-1.856）与自杀未遂显著相关。
我们的研究结果表明，宗教信仰、感知社会支持和生活应激事件是与自杀未遂相关的主要因素。因此，改善生活技能以控制生活应激事件、增强宗教信仰和感知社会支持等积极策略可以用于控制自杀未遂。
