Lavon Ophir, Bentur Yedidia
a Israel Poison Information Center, Rambam Health Care Campus , Haifa , Israel.
b Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit , Carmel Medical Center , Haifa , Israel.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2017 Jun;55(5):322-325. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2016.1278225. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
To characterize poison exposures in young Israeli military personnel as reported to the national poison center.
Retrospective poison center chart review over a 14-year period. Cases included were Israeli soldiers aged 18-21 years, the compulsory military service age required by the Israeli law.
1770 records of poison exposures in young military personnel were identified. Most exposed individuals involved males (n = 1268, 71.6%). Main routes of exposure were ingestion (n = 854, 48.3%), inhalation (n = 328, 18.6%) and ocular (n = 211, 11.9%). Accidents or misuse (n = 712, 40.2%) were the most frequently reported circumstances, followed by suicide attempts (370, 20.9%), and bites and stings (161, 9.1%). More than half of the cases involved chemicals (n = 939, 53.1%); hydrocarbons, gases and corrosives were the main causative agents. Pharmaceuticals (mainly analgesics) were involved in 519 (29.3%) cases, venomous animals (mainly scorpions, centipedes, and snakes) in 79 (4.5%). Clinical manifestations were reported in 666 (37.6%) cases, mostly gastrointestinal, neurologic, and respiratory. The vast majority of cases (1634, 92.3%) were asymptomatic or mildly affected; no fatalities were recorded. In 831 (46.9%) cases the clinical toxicologist recommended referral to an emergency department; ambulatory observation was recommended in 563 (31.8%) cases, and hospitalization in 86 (4.9%).
Our data show that poison exposures among young soldiers involve mainly males, accidents, misuse and suicides, oral route and chemicals; most exposures were asymptomatic or with mild severity. Repeated evaluations of poison center data pertaining to military personnel is advised for identifying trends in poison exposure and characteristics in this particular population.
描述向国家毒物中心报告的以色列年轻军事人员的中毒暴露情况。
对14年期间毒物中心图表进行回顾性研究。纳入的病例为年龄在18至21岁的以色列士兵，这是以色列法律规定的义务兵役年龄。
共识别出1770例年轻军事人员中毒暴露记录。大多数暴露个体为男性（n = 1268，71.6%）。主要暴露途径为摄入（n = 854，48.3%）、吸入（n = 328，18.6%）和眼部（n = 211，11.9%）。事故或误用（n = 712，40.2%）是最常报告的情况，其次是自杀未遂（370例，20.9%）以及叮咬和蜇伤（161例，9.1%）。超过一半的病例涉及化学品（n = 939，53.1%）；碳氢化合物、气体和腐蚀性物质是主要致病因素。药品（主要是镇痛药）涉及519例（29.3%），有毒动物（主要是蝎子、蜈蚣和蛇）涉及79例（4.5%）。666例（37.6%）病例报告了临床表现，主要是胃肠道、神经和呼吸系统症状。绝大多数病例（1634例，92.3%）无症状或症状轻微；无死亡记录。在831例（46.9%）病例中，临床毒理学家建议转诊至急诊科；563例（31.8%）病例建议门诊观察，86例（4.9%）病例建议住院治疗。
我们的数据表明，年轻士兵的中毒暴露主要涉及男性、事故、误用和自杀、经口途径和化学品；大多数暴露无症状或严重程度较轻。建议对与军事人员相关的毒物中心数据进行反复评估，以确定中毒暴露趋势和该特定人群的特征。
