Rìos-Montes Karina A, Casas-Zapata Juan C, Briones-Gallardo Roberto, Peñuela Gustavo
a Grupode Investigación Microbiologia y Ambiente (GIMA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de San Buenaventura , Cartagena , Colombia.
b Grupo Diagnóstico y Control de la Contaminación (GDCON), Facultad de Ingenierías, Universidad de Antioquia , Medellín , Colombia.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2017 Apr 3;52(4):274-281. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1273005. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
The most efficient system of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSFCW) for removing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the presence of chlorothalonil pesticide (CLT) present in synthetic domestic wastewater was determined using the macrophyte Phragmites australis. Two concentrations of CLT (85 and 385 μg L) and one concentration of glucose (20 mg L) were evaluated in four pilot scale horizontal surface flow constructed wetlands coupled with two sizes of silica gravel, igneous gravel, fine chalky gravel (3.18-6.35 mm), coarse gravel (12.70-25.40 mm) and two water surface heights (20 and 40 cm). For a month, wetlands were acclimated with domestic wastewater. Some groups of bacteria were also identified in the biofilm attached to the gravel. In each treatment periodic samplings were conducted in the influent and effluent. Chlorothalonil was quantified by gas chromatography (GC-ECD m), DOC by an organic carbon analyzer and bacterial groups using conventional microbiology in accordance with Standard Methods. The largest removals of DOC (85.82%-85.31%) were found when using fine gravel (3.18-6.35 mm) and the lower layer of water (20 cm). The bacterial groups quantified in the biofilm were total heterotrophic, revivable heterotrophic, Pseudomonas and total coliforms. The results of this study indicate that fine grain gravel (3.18-6.35 mm) and both water levels (20 to 40 cm) can be used in the removal of organic matter and for the treatment of agricultural effluents contaminated with organo-chloride pesticides like CLT in HSSFCW.
利用芦苇这一水生植物，确定了在含有百菌清农药（CLT）的模拟生活污水中去除溶解有机碳（DOC）的最有效水平潜流人工湿地（HSSFCW）系统。在四个中试规模的水平表面流人工湿地中，评估了两种浓度的CLT（85和385μg/L）和一种浓度的葡萄糖（20mg/L），这些湿地搭配了两种尺寸的硅质砾石、火成岩砾石、细白垩质砾石（3.18 - 6.35毫米）、粗砾石（12.70 - 25.40毫米）以及两种水面高度（20和40厘米）。持续一个月，湿地用生活污水进行驯化。还在附着于砾石的生物膜中鉴定出了一些细菌菌群。在每个处理过程中，对进水和出水进行定期采样。采用气相色谱法（GC - ECD m）对百菌清进行定量分析，用有机碳分析仪对DOC进行分析，并按照标准方法使用传统微生物学方法对细菌菌群进行分析。当使用细砾石（3.18 - 6.35毫米）和较低水位（20厘米）时，DOC的去除率最高（85.82% - 85.31%）。在生物膜中定量的细菌菌群有总异养菌、可复苏异养菌、假单胞菌和总大肠菌群。本研究结果表明，细粒砾石（3.18 - 6.35毫米）以及两种水位（20至40厘米）可用于去除有机物以及处理受CLT等有机氯农药污染的农业废水，在水平潜流人工湿地中效果良好。
