Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK.
The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2017 Mar;52:92-107. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.12.003. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
We review evidence for training programmes that manipulate autobiographical processing in order to treat mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders, using the GRADE criteria to judge evidence quality. We also position the current status of this research within the UK Medical Research Council's (2000, 2008) framework for the development of novel interventions. A literature search according to PRISMA guidelines identified 15 studies that compared an autobiographical episodic memory-based training (AET) programme to a control condition, in samples with a clinician-derived diagnosis. Identified AET programmes included Memory Specificity Training (Raes, Williams, & Hermans, 2009), concreteness training (Watkins, Baeyens, & Read, 2009), Competitive Memory Training (Korrelboom, van der Weele, Gjaltema, & Hoogstraten, 2009), imagery-based training of future autobiographical episodes (Blackwell & Holmes, 2010), and life review/reminiscence therapy (Arean et al., 1993). Cohen's d was calculated for between-group differences in symptom change from pre- to post-intervention and to follow-up. We also completed meta-analyses for programmes evaluated across multiple studies, and for the overall effect of AET as a treatment approach. Results demonstrated promising evidence for AET in the treatment of depression (d=0.32), however effect sizes varied substantially (from -0.18 to 1.91) across the different training protocols. Currently, research on AET for the treatment of anxiety and stress-related disorders is not yet at a stage to draw firm conclusions regarding efficacy as there were only a very small number of studies which met inclusion criteria. AET offers a potential avenue through which low-intensity treatment for affective disturbance might be offered.
我们回顾了操纵自传体加工以治疗情绪、焦虑和应激相关障碍的培训计划的证据，使用 GRADE 标准来判断证据质量。我们还根据英国医学研究理事会（2000 年，2008 年）制定的新干预措施的发展框架，将当前该研究的现状定位。根据 PRISMA 指南进行的文献检索确定了 15 项研究，这些研究将基于自传体情节记忆的训练（AET）计划与对照条件进行比较，在有临床医生诊断的样本中进行。确定的 AET 计划包括记忆特异性训练（Raes、Williams 和 Hermans，2009 年）、具体性训练（Watkins、Baeyens 和 Read，2009 年）、竞争性记忆训练（Korrelboom、van der Weele、Gjaltema 和 Hoogstraten，2009 年）、基于意象的未来自传体情节训练（Blackwell 和 Holmes，2010 年）和生活回顾/怀旧疗法（Arean 等人，1993 年）。计算了从干预前到干预后和随访期间症状变化的组间差异的 Cohen's d。我们还完成了对多个研究评估的计划的荟萃分析，以及 AET 作为治疗方法的总体效果的荟萃分析。结果表明，AET 治疗抑郁症具有有希望的证据（d=0.32），但不同训练方案的效应大小差异很大（从-0.18 到 1.91）。目前，关于 AET 治疗焦虑和应激相关障碍的研究还没有达到可以确定疗效的阶段，因为只有极少数符合纳入标准的研究。AET 为治疗情感障碍提供了一种潜在的途径，可以提供低强度的治疗。
