Hovanitz C A, Kozora E
University of Cincinnati.
J Clin Psychol. 1989 Sep;45(5):766-77.
Coping styles were evaluated as moderators of life stress-psychopathology relationships. Five hundred twenty-one undergraduates (271 females and 250 males) completed the Life Experiences Survey, the Coping Strategies Inventory, and the MMPI. To assess maladaptive coping styles, groups were constructed for each of 8 clinical scales (Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, and Ma) composed of all subjects with a clinically significant elevation on that scale. The coping styles of these "clinical" groups were compared to the coping styles of "normal" groups, made up of subjects whose life stress scores were approximately the same but whose corresponding MMPI scale scores were within normal limits. To assess adaptive coping styles, a group of effective copers (with high life stress but normal MMPI profiles) was compared to a group of less effective copers (with high life stress but with at least one scale outside of normal limits). All groups were constructed separately for gender. The predicted gender differences and specific coping style-psychopathology relationships were, by and large, found. Coping style differences between the effective and less effective copers were also found. These findings suggest that several coping styles are important moderators of life event stress-psychopathology relationships.
应对方式被评估为生活压力与精神病理学关系的调节因素。521名本科生（271名女性和250名男性）完成了生活经历调查、应对策略量表和明尼苏达多相人格调查表（MMPI）。为了评估适应不良的应对方式，针对8个临床量表（疑病量表（Hs）、抑郁量表（D）、癔病量表（Hy）、精神病态量表（Pd）、妄想狂量表（Pa）、精神衰弱量表（Pt）、精神分裂症量表（Sc）和轻躁狂量表（Ma））中的每一个，由该量表上临床显著升高的所有受试者组成小组。将这些“临床”组的应对方式与“正常”组的应对方式进行比较，“正常”组由生活压力得分大致相同但相应MMPI量表得分在正常范围内的受试者组成。为了评估适应性应对方式，将一组有效的应对者（生活压力高但MMPI剖面图正常）与一组效果较差的应对者（生活压力高但至少有一个量表超出正常范围）进行比较。所有组均按性别分别构建。总体上发现了预测的性别差异和特定的应对方式与精神病理学的关系。还发现了有效应对者和效果较差应对者之间的应对方式差异。这些发现表明，几种应对方式是生活事件压力与精神病理学关系的重要调节因素。
