Estellano Victor H, Pozo Karla, Přibylová Petra, Klánová Jana, Audy Ondřej, Focardi Silvano
RECETOX Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy.
RECETOX Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica Santísima Concepción, Alonso de Ribera 2850, P.C. 407 01 29 Concepción, Chile.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Mar;222:609-616. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.092. Epub 2017 Jan 11.
Concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were measured for an entire year in the region of Tuscany, Italy. Passive air samplers consisting of polyurethane foam (PUF) disks were deployed over four sampling periods of 3-5 months from April 2008 to July 2009 in urban (n = 6) and rural (n = 4) sites. The aim of the study was to characterize the spatial and seasonal variations in selected POPs. The POP concentrations (pg m) in the air were dominated by dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDTs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (∑PCBs). DDTs, and ∑PCBs showed a clear decreasing urban > rural gradient. The concentrations of DDTs and PCBs were up to 10 and 6 times higher, respectively, in urban sites than in rural sites. ∑PCBs showed a significant correlation with the urbanized areas located <5 km around the sampling sites. For hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), α-HCH concentrations were similar at both sampling sites and were found to be quite uniform during the four sampling periods. Seasonal fluctuations were observed for DDTs, and ∑PCBs, with the highest concentrations observed during period 4 (summer-spring); this is most likely due to a temperature-driven re-emission from local sources. These findings were also supported by an air back trajectory analysis in the study area. This study contributes new information about POP levels in the Italian atmosphere and demonstrates the feasibility of using PUF disks to simultaneously assess seasonal concentrations at different sampling sites.
在意大利托斯卡纳地区，对持久性有机污染物（POPs）的浓度进行了为期一整年的测量。由聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）盘组成的被动空气采样器于2008年4月至2009年7月的四个3至5个月的采样期内，部署在城市（n = 6）和农村（n = 4）站点。该研究的目的是描述选定POPs的空间和季节变化特征。空气中的POP浓度（pg/m）以二氯二苯三氯乙烷及其代谢物（滴滴涕）和多氯联苯（∑PCBs）为主。滴滴涕和∑PCBs呈现出明显的城市>农村梯度下降趋势。城市站点中滴滴涕和多氯联苯的浓度分别比农村站点高出10倍和6倍。∑PCBs与采样点周围5公里内的城市化区域呈显著相关性。对于六氯环己烷（HCHs），两个采样点的α-HCH浓度相似，并且在四个采样期内相当均匀。观察到滴滴涕和∑PCBs存在季节性波动，在第4期（春夏）观察到最高浓度；这很可能是由于温度驱动的本地源再排放。研究区域的空气后向轨迹分析也支持了这些发现。本研究提供了有关意大利大气中POP水平的新信息，并证明了使用PUF盘同时评估不同采样点季节性浓度的可行性。
