NHS Education for Scotland, 2 Central Quay, 89 Hydepark Street, Glasgow, G3 8BW, UK.
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, The Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2018 Jan;14(1):62-68. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2016.12.009. Epub 2017 Jan 6.
Prescribing is a complex task requiring considerable knowledge and skills. The Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) was developed by the British Pharmacological Society and the United Kingdom (UK) Medical Schools Council. Between February and June 2014, over 7000 final year medical students undertook the PSA, with an overall pass rate of 94%. Independent prescribing for suitably trained pharmacists was introduced in the UK in 2006. To date there has been little focus on any objective measures of prescribing safety.
To determine the PSA performance of a pilot group of pharmacist prescribers in Scotland relative to medical students and to test the feasibility and acceptability of running the PSA.
A group of 59 pharmacist prescribers took part in ten events. The PSA consisted of 30 questions to be completed over 60 min. All questions had been used in the 2014 assessments for final year medical students. The PSA was undertaken online under invigilated conditions, mirroring the medical student assessment. One month later, participants were invited to complete an online evaluation questionnaire.
The mean overall PSA scores (±SD) were 87.5% ± 8.7 (range 52-98) compared to a 88.5% for medical students. Based on an Angoff passmark of 76.0%, 53 pharmacists (89.8%) passed compared to an overall pass rate in PSA 2014 of 94%. Pharmacists performed equivalently to medical students in all assessment areas, with a slightly lower performance in the prescribing, drug monitoring and data interpretation questions offset by better performance in prescription review and adverse drug reactions. Feedback was positive in relation to appropriateness, relevance and level of difficulty of the PSA although several commented that they were practicing in very specific clinical areas.
These pilot events have benchmarked the PSA performance of pharmacist prescribers with final year medical students, and feedback confirmed feasibility and acceptability.
开处方是一项需要丰富知识和技能的复杂任务。处方安全评估（PSA）由英国药理学会和英国医学院理事会开发。2014 年 2 月至 6 月，超过 7000 名医学专业的最后一年学生参加了 PSA 考试，通过率为 94%。2006 年，英国开始允许经过适当培训的药剂师独立处方。迄今为止，对于处方安全性的任何客观衡量标准，关注甚少。
确定苏格兰一组试点药剂师处方者相对于医学生的 PSA 表现，并测试运行 PSA 的可行性和可接受性。
一组 59 名药剂师处方者参加了十次活动。PSA 由 30 个问题组成，需在 60 分钟内完成。所有问题都曾在 2014 年最后一年医学生的评估中使用过。PSA 在监考下在线进行，与医学生的评估相匹配。一个月后，邀请参与者完成在线评估问卷。
平均整体 PSA 得分（±SD）为 87.5%±8.7（范围 52-98），而医学生为 88.5%。根据 76.0%的 Angoff 通过分数，有 53 名药剂师（89.8%）通过，而 2014 年 PSA 的总体通过率为 94%。药剂师在所有评估领域的表现均与医学生相当，在处方、药物监测和数据解释问题上的表现略低，但在处方审查和药物不良反应方面的表现更好。反馈在 PSA 的适当性、相关性和难度水平方面是积极的，尽管有几位参与者表示他们在非常具体的临床领域实践。
这些试点活动以医学生为基准，对药剂师处方者的 PSA 表现进行了基准测试，反馈证实了可行性和可接受性。
