Allen P A, Coyne A C
Duke University Medical Center.
J Gerontol. 1989 Nov;44(6):P181-3. doi: 10.1093/geronj/44.6.p181.
We examined the ability of younger and older adults to organize letter sequences in memory when no external inducement of chunking was used. In order to do so, subjects were tested on a paired-associate, serial recall task. From these data the number of completely recalled sequences was computed, as well as global and stop transitional error probabilities (TEPs). Older adults recalled fewer correct letter sequences than did the young adults, but the global and stop TEP data indicated that both age groups were chunking the four-letter sequences into two sets of two letters. Thus, the present study indicates that there are no age differences in primary organization, but that older adults exhibit an age deficit in serial recall.
我们研究了在不使用外部组块诱导的情况下，年轻人和老年人在记忆中组织字母序列的能力。为此，我们让受试者进行配对联想系列回忆任务测试。根据这些数据，计算出完全回忆出的序列数量以及总体和停顿过渡错误概率（TEP）。与年轻人相比，老年人回忆出的正确字母序列更少，但总体和停顿TEP数据表明，两个年龄组都将四个字母的序列组块为两组两个字母。因此，本研究表明，在初级组织方面不存在年龄差异，但老年人在系列回忆中存在年龄缺陷。
