Bowman A, Dowell F J, Evans N P
Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary and LIFE Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom.
Scottish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Scottish SPCA), Kingseat Road, Halbeath, Dunfermline KY11 8RY, United Kingdom.
Physiol Behav. 2017 Mar 15;171:207-215. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.01.024. Epub 2017 Jan 14.
Classical music has been shown to reduce stress in kennelled dogs; however, rapid habituation of dogs to this form of auditory enrichment has also been demonstrated. The current study investigated the physiological and behavioural response of kennelled dogs (n=38) to medium-term (5days) auditory enrichment with five different genres of music including Soft Rock, Motown, Pop, Reggae and Classical, to determine whether increasing the variety of auditory stimulation reduces the level of habituation to auditory enrichment. Dogs were found to spend significantly more time lying and significantly less time standing when music was played, regardless of genre. There was no observable effect of music on barking, however, dogs were significantly (z=2.2, P<0.05) more likely to bark following cessation of auditory enrichment. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) was significantly higher, indicative of decreased stress, when dogs were played Soft Rock and Reggae, with a lesser effect observed when Motown, Pop and Classical genres were played. Relative to the silent period prior to auditory enrichment, urinary cortisol:creatanine (UCCR) values were significantly higher during Soft Rock (t=2.781, P<0.01) and the second silent control period following auditory enrichment (t=2.46, P<0.05). Despite the mixed response to different genres, the physiological and behavioural changes observed remained constant over the 5d of enrichment suggesting that the effect of habituation may be reduced by increasing the variety of auditory enrichment provided.
研究表明，古典音乐能够减轻犬舍中狗狗的压力；然而，狗狗对这种听觉强化方式也会迅速产生习惯化。当前的研究调查了犬舍中的狗狗（n = 38）对包括软摇滚、摩城音乐、流行音乐、雷鬼音乐和古典音乐在内的五种不同类型音乐进行中期（5天）听觉强化的生理和行为反应，以确定增加听觉刺激的种类是否会降低对听觉强化的习惯化程度。结果发现，无论播放何种类型的音乐，狗狗在播放音乐时躺着的时间显著增加，站立的时间显著减少。音乐对狗狗吠叫没有明显影响，然而，在听觉强化停止后，狗狗吠叫的可能性显著增加（z = 2.2，P < 0.05）。当给狗狗播放软摇滚和雷鬼音乐时，心率变异性（HRV）显著升高，表明压力降低，而播放摩城音乐、流行音乐和古典音乐时效果较小。相对于听觉强化前的安静期，在播放软摇滚音乐期间（t = 2.781，P < 0.01）以及听觉强化后的第二个安静对照期（t = 2.46，P < 0.05），尿皮质醇：肌酐（UCCR）值显著更高。尽管对不同类型音乐的反应不一，但在5天的强化过程中观察到的生理和行为变化保持不变，这表明增加听觉强化的种类可能会减少习惯化的影响。
