Institute of Plant and Wood Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Pienner Straße 19, 01737 Tharandt, Germany.
Environmental Geochemistry, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 17;7:40829. doi: 10.1038/srep40829.
Silicon (Si) is known as beneficial element for graminaceous plants. The importance of Si for plant functioning of cereals was recently emphasized. However, about the effect of Si availability on biomass production, grain yield, nutrient status and nutrient use efficiency for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), as one of the most important crop plants worldwide, less is known so far. Consequently, we assessed the effect of a broad range of supply levels of amorphous SiO on wheat plant performance. Our results revealed that Si is readily taken up and accumulated basically in aboveground vegetative organs. Carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) status of plants were altered in response to varying Si supply. In bulk straw biomass C concentration decreased with increasing Si supply, while P concentration increased from slight limitation towards optimal nutrition. Thereby, aboveground biomass production increased at low to medium supply levels of silica whereas grain yield increased at medium supply level only. Nutrient use efficiency was improved by Si insofar that biomass production was enhanced at constant nitrogen (N) status of substrate and plants. Consequently, our findings imply fundamental influences of Si on C turnover, P availability and nitrogen use efficiency for wheat as a major staple crop.
硅（Si）被认为是禾本科植物的有益元素。最近强调了 Si 对谷类植物功能的重要性。然而，对于硅供应对小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）生物量生产、籽粒产量、养分状况和养分利用效率的影响，作为全球最重要的作物之一，目前了解较少。因此，我们评估了广泛的无定形 SiO 供应水平对小麦植株性能的影响。我们的结果表明，Si 很容易被吸收和积累，主要在地上营养器官中。植物的碳（C）和磷（P）状况会因 Si 供应的变化而发生变化。在大量秸秆生物量中，随着 Si 供应的增加，C 浓度降低，而 P 浓度从轻微限制增加到最佳营养水平。因此，在低到中等 SiO 供应水平下，地上生物量产量增加，而仅在中等供应水平下，籽粒产量增加。Si 提高了养分利用效率，因为在基质氮（N）状态不变的情况下，植物的生物量生产得到了增强。因此，我们的发现表明 Si 对小麦作为主要主食作物的 C 周转、P 有效性和氮利用效率有根本影响。
