Song Jae Yung
a Department of Linguistics , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA.
Clin Linguist Phon. 2017;31(5):351-374. doi: 10.1080/02699206.2016.1268207. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
Although the acoustic properties of clear speech have been extensively studied, its underlying articulatory details have not been well understood. The purpose of the present study is twofold: To examine the specific articulatory processes of clear speech using ultrasound and to investigate whether and how the type of listener (hard of hearing, normal hearing) and the lexical property of words (frequency) interact in the production of clear speech. To this end, we examined productions of /ɑ/, /æ/ and /u/ from 16 speakers of US English. Overall, our ultrasound results suggested that the tongue's highest point moved in a direction that exaggerated the three vowels' phonological features, resulting in an expanded articulatory vowel space for the hard-of-hearing listener and low-frequency words. No interaction was found between the listener and word frequency, suggesting that the effects of word frequency hold constant across the two types of listeners.
尽管清晰语音的声学特性已得到广泛研究，但其潜在的发音细节却尚未得到充分理解。本研究的目的有两个：一是使用超声波检查清晰语音的具体发音过程，二是调查听众类型（听力障碍者、听力正常者）和单词的词汇属性（频率）在清晰语音产生过程中是否以及如何相互作用。为此，我们检查了16名美国英语使用者发/ɑ/、/æ/和/u/音的情况。总体而言，我们的超声波检查结果表明，舌头的最高点移动方向夸大了这三个元音的音系特征，从而为听力障碍听众和低频单词产生了一个扩大的发音元音空间。未发现听众和单词频率之间存在相互作用，这表明单词频率的影响在两种类型的听众中保持不变。
