Vieira Santos Vanessa Santana, Caixeta Evelyn Siqueira, Campos Júnior Edimar Olegário de, Pereira Boscolli Barbosa
a Department of Environmental Health , Laboratory of Environmental Health, Federal University of Uberlândia , Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
b Department of Biotechnology , Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia , Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2017;80(3):155-160. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1266721. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
The continued widespread use of larvicides in Aedes aegypti control programs is still a necessary strategy, since there are no apparent efficient vaccines against arboviruses. However, chemical approaches may affect nontarget organisms and produce detrimental effects to environmental health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct toxicity testing for pyriproxyfen at different concentrations using Daphnia magna and Artemia salina as model organisms to evaluate the ecotoxicological parameters. This study describes the toxicological effects of pyriproxyfen on both microcrustaceans, which are widely used in bioassays because of their sensitivity to changes in hydrosphere. Data demonstrated that the calculated EC value of pyriproxyfen was 2.5 μg/for D. magna and A. salina; the no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) and the lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC) of pyriproxyfen were found to be 0.63 and 1.25 μg/L for Artemia salina and Daphnia magna, respectively. In chronic toxicity and reproduction tests on D. magna, a calculated CL (lethality on 50% of daphnids after 7 days of chronic test) and an EC (50% reduction in the reproductive output of parental daphnids after 21 days of exposure) higher than 1.25 μg/L pyriproxyfen were observed. The time of first reproduction was significantly increased in D. magna after exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of pyriproxyfen, but other reproduction parameters were not markedly altered. Environmental risk assessment revealed that pyriproxyfen is highly toxic for both branchiopods. Data demonstrated that pyriproxyfen may produce adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem at concentrations required to control Ae. aegypti.
在埃及伊蚊控制项目中持续广泛使用杀幼虫剂仍然是一项必要策略，因为目前尚无针对虫媒病毒的有效疫苗。然而，化学方法可能会影响非目标生物并对环境健康产生有害影响。因此，本研究的目的是使用大型溞和卤虫作为模式生物，对不同浓度的吡丙醚进行毒性测试，以评估其生态毒理学参数。本研究描述了吡丙醚对这两种小型甲壳动物的毒理学影响，由于它们对水圈变化敏感，因此在生物测定中被广泛使用。数据表明，吡丙醚对大型溞和卤虫的计算得出的EC值为2.5μg/；吡丙醚对卤虫和大型溞的无观察到效应浓度（NOEC）和最低观察到效应浓度（LOEC）分别为0.63和1.25μg/L。在对大型溞的慢性毒性和繁殖试验中，观察到吡丙醚浓度高于EC值1.25μg/L时，计算得出的CL（慢性试验7天后50%大型溞的致死率）和EC（暴露21天后亲代大型溞繁殖产量降低50%）。暴露于环境相关浓度的吡丙醚后，大型溞首次繁殖的时间显著增加，但其他繁殖参数没有明显改变。环境风险评估表明，吡丙醚对这两种鳃足类动物都具有高毒性。数据表明，吡丙醚在控制埃及伊蚊所需的浓度下可能会对水生生态系统产生不利影响。
