Yu Yijing, Prassas Ioannis, Muytjens Carla M J, Diamandis Eleftherios P
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3L9, Canada.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3L9, Canada.
J Proteomics. 2017 Feb 23;155:40-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.01.005. Epub 2017 Jan 14.
Sweat is produced by eccrine and apocrine glands and represents a biological fluid with established roles in thermo-regulation and host infection defense. The composition of sweat is highly dynamic and alters significantly in various skin and other disorders. Therefore, in-depth profiling of sweat protein composition is expected to augment our understanding of the pathobiology of several skin diseases and may lead to the identification of useful sweat-based disease biomarkers. We here reported an in-depth analysis of the human sweat proteome and peptidome. Sweat was collected from healthy males and healthy females of ages 20-60years, following strenuous exercise. Two sweat pools were prepared (1 for males and 1 for females) and were subjected to sample preparation for mass spectrometric analysis. We identified a total of 861 unique proteins during our proteomic analysis and 32,818 endogenous peptides (corresponding to additional 1067 proteins) from our peptidomics workflow. As expected, the human skin was identified as the most abundant source of sweat proteins and peptides. Several skin proteases and protease inhibitors were identified in human sweat, highlighting the intense proteolytic activity of human skin. The presence of several antimicrobial peptides supports the functional roles of sweat in host defense and innate immunity.
Sweat is a skin-associated biological fluid, secreted by eccrine and apocrine glands, with essential function in body thermo-regulation and host infection defense. In the present study, we performed in-depth profiling of both sweat proteome and peptidome composition. Our data provide the most in-depth characterization of the skin's catalytic network present in sweat. For the first time, we brought to light novel peptides in human sweat that potentially have antimicrobial activity, which highlight the important role of this fluid in innate immunity. All these findings allow us to have a better understanding of the complex web of proteases in skin and may act as a platform for the future discovery of novel skin biomarkers.
汗液由外分泌腺和顶泌汗腺产生，是一种在体温调节和宿主感染防御中具有既定作用的生物流体。汗液的成分具有高度动态性，在各种皮肤疾病和其他病症中会发生显著变化。因此，对汗液蛋白质组成进行深入分析有望增进我们对多种皮肤病病理生物学的理解，并可能有助于识别有用的基于汗液的疾病生物标志物。我们在此报告了对人类汗液蛋白质组和肽组的深入分析。在剧烈运动后，从20至60岁的健康男性和健康女性中收集汗液。制备了两个汗液池（一个用于男性，一个用于女性），并进行样品制备以用于质谱分析。在我们的蛋白质组学分析中，共鉴定出861种独特蛋白质，在我们的肽组学流程中鉴定出32,818种内源性肽（对应于另外1067种蛋白质）。正如预期的那样，人类皮肤被确定为汗液蛋白质和肽的最丰富来源。在人类汗液中鉴定出了几种皮肤蛋白酶和蛋白酶抑制剂，突出了人类皮肤强烈的蛋白水解活性。几种抗菌肽的存在支持了汗液在宿主防御和先天免疫中的功能作用。
汗液是一种与皮肤相关的生物流体，由外分泌腺和顶泌汗腺分泌，在身体体温调节和宿主感染防御中具有重要功能。在本研究中，我们对汗液蛋白质组和肽组组成进行了深入分析。我们的数据提供了对汗液中存在的皮肤催化网络的最深入表征。我们首次揭示了人类汗液中可能具有抗菌活性的新型肽，这突出了这种流体在先天免疫中的重要作用。所有这些发现使我们能够更好地理解皮肤中复杂的蛋白酶网络，并可能作为未来发现新型皮肤生物标志物的平台。
