亚美尼亚传统医学中使用的一些植物材料的抗菌活性。
Antimicrobial activity of some plant materials used in Armenian traditional medicine.
作者信息
Ginovyan Mikayel, Petrosyan Margarit, Trchounian Armen
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, Plants and Microbes Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian Str., Yerevan, 0025, Armenia.
出版信息
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Jan 17;17(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1573-y.
BACKGROUND
Antibiotic resistance has become one of the major problems facing humanity. The need for new antimicrobials has been increased dramatically. Plants are considered as one of the most promising sources for new antimicrobials discovery. Despite relatively small area, Armenia has large diversity of flora with many endemic species. In Armenian folk medicine plant materials have been used to treat various microbial diseases since ancient times. The goal of our research was to evaluate antimicrobial efficiency of different parts of five wild plants species which are commonly used in Armenian traditional medicine.
METHODS
Plant crude extracts were obtained with maceration technique using five solvents separately: distilled water, methanol, chloroform, acetone, and hexane. Agar well diffusion assay was used for initial evaluation of antimicrobial properties of plant materials against five bacterial and two yeast strains. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the most active plant parts were determined by broth microdilution method.
RESULTS
Crude extracts of all five tested plants expressed antimicrobial activity against at least four test strains at 500 μg ml concentration. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations of selected plant parts were determined. Crude acetone and hexane extracts of Hypericum alpestre and acetone extract of Sanguisorba officinalis inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa even at 64 μg ml concentration. Chloroform and acetone extracts of Sanguisorba officinalis exhibited cidal activity against P. aeruginosa till 256 μg ml. Acetone was the most effective solvent for solubilizing antimicrobial compounds for almost all tested plant materials.
CONCLUSIONS
Thus, antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants used in Armenian traditional medicine was evaluated. Some of the plants had rather low minimum bacteriostatic/bactericidal concentrations and therefore they have prospective for further more inclusive studies.
背景
抗生素耐药性已成为人类面临的主要问题之一。对新型抗菌药物的需求急剧增加。植物被认为是发现新型抗菌药物最有前景的来源之一。亚美尼亚尽管面积相对较小，但拥有种类繁多的植物群，其中有许多特有物种。在亚美尼亚民间医学中，自古以来植物材料就被用于治疗各种微生物疾病。我们研究的目的是评估亚美尼亚传统医学中常用的五种野生植物不同部位的抗菌效果。
方法
采用浸渍技术，分别使用五种溶剂（蒸馏水、甲醇、氯仿、丙酮和己烷）获得植物粗提物。采用琼脂扩散法初步评估植物材料对五种细菌和两种酵母菌株的抗菌性能。通过肉汤微量稀释法测定最具活性的植物部位的最低抑菌浓度。
结果
所有五种受试植物的粗提物在500μg/ml浓度下对至少四种受试菌株表现出抗菌活性。测定了所选植物部位的最低抑菌浓度和杀菌/杀真菌浓度。阿尔卑斯金丝桃的粗丙酮提取物和粗己烷提取物以及地榆的丙酮提取物即使在64μg/ml浓度下也能抑制铜绿假单胞菌的生长。地榆的氯仿提取物和丙酮提取物对铜绿假单胞菌的杀菌活性直至256μg/ml。对于几乎所有受试植物材料，丙酮是溶解抗菌化合物最有效的溶剂。
结论
因此，评估了亚美尼亚传统医学中使用的一些药用植物的抗菌活性。其中一些植物的最低抑菌/杀菌浓度相当低，因此它们有进一步进行更全面研究的前景。
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