Kelley Amanda M, MacDonnell Jason, Grigley Deahndra, Campbell John, Gaydos Steven J
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017 Feb 1;88(2):96-103. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4740.2017.
Back pain has remained an issue of significance among aircraft crewmembers for decades, occurring in the majority of military helicopter pilots with potential deleterious effects on performance, safety, and operational readiness. This exploratory, correlational survey study was designed to evaluate the presence of patterns and relationships that may require further examination to understand causal factors.
The study population consisted of U.S. Army aviation crewmembers. Subjects (467) completed an anonymous survey, including questions regarding demographics, airframes, experience, pain history and severity, ergonomics, mitigation strategies, and duty limitations.
Overall, 84.6% of participants reported back pain at some time during their flying career, with 77.8% reporting back pain in the last calendar year. Age was found to significantly correlate with earlier time to pain during flight, higher pain rating after flight, and occurrence of grounding. A stepwise linear regression model was used to explore the relationships between age, flight hours, and years of aviation experience, demonstrating age to be the significant variable accounting for the observed variance. Aircrew reported wear of combat-related survival equipment and poor lumbar support to be the most notable contributors.
Back pain rates were consistent with previous studies. The relationship of age to back pain in this study may highlight unique pathophysiological pathways that should be further investigated within an occupational context to better understand the etiologic role. Enhanced seated lumbar support and combat-related survival equipment remain relatively low-cost/high-yield topics worthy of further investigation for exploiting efficient means to improve health, safety, and operational performance.Kelley AM, MacDonnell J, Grigley D, Campbell J, Gaydos SJ. Reported back pain in army aircrew in relation to airframe, gender, age, and experience. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(2):96-103.
几十年来，背痛一直是飞机机组人员中的一个重要问题，大多数军事直升机飞行员都会出现背痛，这可能会对飞行表现、安全和作战准备产生有害影响。这项探索性的相关性调查研究旨在评估可能需要进一步研究以了解因果因素的模式和关系。
研究对象为美国陆军航空机组人员。467名受试者完成了一项匿名调查，包括有关人口统计学、飞机型号、飞行经验、疼痛史和严重程度、人体工程学、缓解策略以及职责限制等问题。
总体而言，84.6%的参与者报告在其飞行生涯中的某个时候出现过背痛，77.8%的参与者报告在过去一个日历年中有背痛。研究发现，年龄与飞行过程中较早出现疼痛、飞行后较高的疼痛评分以及停飞情况显著相关。采用逐步线性回归模型来探究年龄、飞行小时数和航空飞行年限之间的关系，结果表明年龄是解释观察到的差异的显著变量。机组人员报告称，与战斗相关的生存装备磨损和腰部支撑不佳是最显著的影响因素。
背痛发生率与先前的研究一致。本研究中年龄与背痛之间的关系可能凸显了独特的病理生理途径，应在职业背景下进一步研究，以更好地理解其病因学作用。增强座椅腰部支撑和与战斗相关的生存装备仍然是成本相对较低/收益较高的主题，值得进一步研究，以探索提高健康、安全和作战性能的有效方法。
凯利·A·M、麦克唐奈·J、格里利·D、坎贝尔·J、盖多斯·S·J。陆军机组人员报告的背痛与飞机型号、性别、年龄和经验的关系。《航空航天医学与人类表现》。2017年；88(2):96 - 103。
