Porras-Povedano Miguel, Roldán-Garrido Ana, Santacruz-Hamer Virginia
Unidad de Gestión Clínica Prevención, Promoción y Vigilancia de la Salud, AGS Osuna. Osuna. Sevilla. España.
UGC Prevención, Promoción y Vigilancia de la Salud, AGS Osuna. Osuna. Sevilla. España.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2017 Jan 18;91:e201701008.
Whooping cough is a global public health problem, is a highly contagious disease, and despite universal vaccination increased incidence is observed. The aim of this study was to describe the investigation of a population outbreak.
A descriptive study of a population outbreak of whooping cough between February and June 2016 in Ecija (Seville). Case and outbreak definitions was taken of Whooping Cough Monitoring Protocol. Information was collected from Health History, Epidemiological Monitoring System and Laboratory. For statistical analysis used the free software R, for measuring quantitative variables were presented, median, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values and percentiles for qualitative variables frequency distribution.
91 suspected cases were identified, ruling 33. Of the remaining 58, 42 cases were confirmed and 16 probable cases. The cases have presented an average age of 10,24 years. 62,1% of cases occurred in women. The incidence during the duration of the outbreak was 148,51 cases/100.000 people globally, and 851,06 cases/100.000 people in under 14 years. All children under 18 years were successfully vaccinated in primary vaccination and only 2 children lacked the fifth dose. The average time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 24,86 days.
The establishment of monitoring and control measures have managed to limit and resolve the outbreak. It is recommended to enhance the information and coordination between the various levels of care (Primary care/Specialist) and professionals (Clinical/Epidemiology).
百日咳是一个全球公共卫生问题，是一种高度传染性疾病，尽管进行了普遍接种，但发病率仍在上升。本研究的目的是描述一次群体暴发的调查情况。
对2016年2月至6月在埃西哈（塞维利亚）发生的百日咳群体暴发进行描述性研究。采用百日咳监测方案中的病例和暴发定义。从健康史、流行病学监测系统和实验室收集信息。统计分析使用免费软件R，定量变量用中位数、标准差、最小值、最大值表示，定性变量用频率分布的百分位数表示。
共识别出91例疑似病例，排除33例。其余58例中，42例确诊，16例可能病例。病例的平均年龄为10.24岁。62.1%的病例为女性。暴发期间全球发病率为148.51例/10万人，14岁以下人群发病率为851.06例/10万人。所有18岁以下儿童在基础疫苗接种中均成功接种，只有2名儿童缺少第五剂疫苗。症状出现至诊断的平均时间为24.86天。
监测和控制措施的建立成功地限制并解决了此次暴发。建议加强各级医疗保健机构（基层医疗/专科）和专业人员（临床/流行病学）之间的信息交流与协调。
